Depressive symptoms as relative and attributable risk factors for first-onset major depression - PubMed (original) (raw)
Depressive symptoms as relative and attributable risk factors for first-onset major depression
E Horwath et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992 Oct.
Abstract
Using longitudinal data from a community study of 9900 adults drawn from four sites in the United States and interviewed twice, 1 year apart, we investigated the predictors of first-onset major depression. Using odds ratios to estimate relative risk, we found that persons with depressive symptoms, compared with those without such symptoms, were 4.4 times more likely and persons with dysthymia were 5.5 times more likely to develop a first-onset major depression during a 1-year period. The lifetime prevalence rate for depressive symptoms was 24%. The attributable risk is a compound epidemiologic measure that reflects both the relative risk associated with depressive symptoms (4.4) and the prevalence of exposure to that risk (24%). It is a useful measure to document the burden of a risk to the community, and it was determined to be greater than 50%. Thus, more than 50% of cases of first-onset major depression are associated with prior depressive symptoms. The high prevalence of depressive symptoms in the community and their strong association with first-onset major depression make them important from a public health perspective. Because depressive symptoms are often unrecognized and untreated in clinical practice, we conclude that their identification and the development of effective treatments could have implications for the prevention of major depression.
Similar articles
- What are the public health implications of subclinical depressive symptoms?
Horwath E, Johnson J, Klerman GL, Weissman MM. Horwath E, et al. Psychiatr Q. 1994 Winter;65(4):323-37. doi: 10.1007/BF02354307. Psychiatr Q. 1994. PMID: 7831417 - Service utilization and social morbidity associated with depressive symptoms in the community.
Johnson J, Weissman MM, Klerman GL. Johnson J, et al. JAMA. 1992 Mar 18;267(11):1478-83. JAMA. 1992. PMID: 1538538 - Subsyndromal symptomatic depression: a new mood disorder?
Judd LL, Rapaport MH, Paulus MP, Brown JL. Judd LL, et al. J Clin Psychiatry. 1994 Apr;55 Suppl:18-28. J Clin Psychiatry. 1994. PMID: 8077164 - Major depression, dysthymia and depressive personality disorder.
Hirschfeld RM. Hirschfeld RM. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 1994 Dec;(26):23-30. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 1994. PMID: 7873134 Review. - Epidemiology of comorbid coronary artery disease and depression.
Rudisch B, Nemeroff CB. Rudisch B, et al. Biol Psychiatry. 2003 Aug 1;54(3):227-40. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00587-0. Biol Psychiatry. 2003. PMID: 12893099 Review.
Cited by
- Validation study of a nonspecific psychological distress scale.
Poulin C, Lemoine O, Poirier LR, Lambert J. Poulin C, et al. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2005 Dec;40(12):1019-24. doi: 10.1007/s00127-005-0961-7. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2005. PMID: 16215656 - False beliefs: the current treatment of patients with depression.
Lecrubier Y. Lecrubier Y. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2003 Dec;5(6):419-22. doi: 10.1007/s11920-003-0078-1. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2003. PMID: 14609496 No abstract available. - Subthreshold attention deficit hyperactivity in children and adolescents: a systematic review.
Balázs J, Keresztény A. Balázs J, et al. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014 Jun;23(6):393-408. doi: 10.1007/s00787-013-0514-7. Epub 2014 Jan 8. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014. PMID: 24399038 Review. - Characteristics of mental morbidity in a rural primary heath centre of haryana.
Kishore J, Reddaiah VP, Kapoor V, Gill JS. Kishore J, et al. Indian J Psychiatry. 1996 Jul;38(3):137-42. Indian J Psychiatry. 1996. PMID: 21584121 Free PMC article. - Social inequality in morbidity, framed within the current economic crisis in Spain.
Zapata Moya AR, Buffel V, Navarro Yáñez CJ, Bracke P. Zapata Moya AR, et al. Int J Equity Health. 2015 Nov 14;14:131. doi: 10.1186/s12939-015-0217-4. Int J Equity Health. 2015. PMID: 26572127 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical