Exceptional conservation of horse-human gene order on X chromosome revealed by high-resolution radiation hybrid mapping - PubMed (original) (raw)

Comparative Study

Exceptional conservation of horse-human gene order on X chromosome revealed by high-resolution radiation hybrid mapping

Terje Raudsepp et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004.

Abstract

Development of a dense map of the horse genome is key to efforts aimed at identifying genes controlling health, reproduction, and performance. We herein report a high-resolution gene map of the horse (Equus caballus) X chromosome (ECAX) generated by developing and typing 116 gene-specific and 12 short tandem repeat markers on the 5,000-rad horse x hamster whole-genome radiation hybrid panel and mapping 29 gene loci by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The human X chromosome sequence was used as a template to select genes at 1-Mb intervals to develop equine orthologs. Coupled with our previous data, the new map comprises a total of 175 markers (139 genes and 36 short tandem repeats, of which 53 are fluorescence in situ hybridization mapped) distributed on average at approximately 880-kb intervals along the chromosome. This is the densest and most uniformly distributed chromosomal map presently available in any mammalian species other than humans and rodents. Comparison of the horse and human X chromosome maps shows remarkable conservation of gene order along the entire span of the chromosomes, including the location of the centromere. An overview of the status of the horse map in relation to mouse, livestock, and companion animal species is also provided. The map will be instrumental for analysis of X linked health and fertility traits in horses by facilitating identification of targeted chromosomal regions for isolation of polymorphic markers, building bacterial artificial chromosome contigs, or sequencing.

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Figures

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

High-resolution RH and comparative map of the long arm of horse X chromosome (ECAXq). A complete map and detailed figure legend are published as Fig. 3. From left to right are a schematic drawing of ECAXq, FISH localizations, RH map showing the distance and order of loci (ECAXqRH), and comparative location of orthologs in human (HSA) and mouse (MMU), followed by comparative map information on orthologs mapped in cattle (BTA), pig (SSC), dog (CFA), cat (FCA), goat (CHI), sheep (OAR), and river buffalo (BBU).

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