Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) randomized controlled trial - PubMed (original) (raw)
Clinical Trial
. 2004 Aug 18;292(7):807-20.
doi: 10.1001/jama.292.7.807.
Affiliations
- PMID: 15315995
- DOI: 10.1001/jama.292.7.807
Clinical Trial
Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) randomized controlled trial
John March et al. JAMA. 2004.
Abstract
Context: Initial treatment of major depressive disorder in adolescents may include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). However, little is known about their relative or combined effectiveness.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of 4 treatments among adolescents with major depressive disorder.
Design, setting, and participants: Randomized controlled trial of a volunteer sample of 439 patients between the ages of 12 to 17 years with a primary Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, diagnosis of major depressive disorder. The trial was conducted at 13 US academic and community clinics between spring 2000 and summer 2003.
Interventions: Twelve weeks of (1) fluoxetine alone (10 to 40 mg/d), (2) CBT alone, (3) CBT with fluoxetine (10 to 40 mg/d), or (4) placebo (equivalent to 10 to 40 mg/d). Placebo and fluoxetine alone were administered double-blind; CBT alone and CBT with fluoxetine were administered unblinded.
Main outcome measures: Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised total score and, for responder analysis, a (dichotomized) Clinical Global Impressions improvement score.
Results: Compared with placebo, the combination of fluoxetine with CBT was statistically significant (P =.001) on the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised. Compared with fluoxetine alone (P =.02) and CBT alone (P =.01), treatment of fluoxetine with CBT was superior. Fluoxetine alone is a superior treatment to CBT alone (P =.01). Rates of response for fluoxetine with CBT were 71.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62%-80%); fluoxetine alone, 60.6% (95% CI, 51%-70%); CBT alone, 43.2% (95% CI, 34%-52%); and placebo, 34.8% (95% CI, 26%-44%). On the Clinical Global Impressions improvement responder analysis, the 2 fluoxetine-containing conditions were statistically superior to CBT and to placebo. Clinically significant suicidal thinking, which was present in 29% of the sample at baseline, improved significantly in all 4 treatment groups. Fluoxetine with CBT showed the greatest reduction (P =.02). Seven (1.6%) of 439 patients attempted suicide; there were no completed suicides.
Conclusion: The combination of fluoxetine with CBT offered the most favorable tradeoff between benefit and risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder.
Comment in
- Treatment of adolescents with major depression: contributions of a major trial.
Glass RM. Glass RM. JAMA. 2004 Aug 18;292(7):861-3. doi: 10.1001/jama.292.7.861. JAMA. 2004. PMID: 15316001 No abstract available. - Adolescents with depression.
Rifkin A, Rifkin W. Rifkin A, et al. JAMA. 2004 Dec 1;292(21):2577-8; author reply 2578-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.292.21.2577-b. JAMA. 2004. PMID: 15572708 No abstract available. - Adolescents with depression.
Antonuccio D, Burns D. Antonuccio D, et al. JAMA. 2004 Dec 1;292(21):2577; author reply 2578-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.292.21.2577-a. JAMA. 2004. PMID: 15572709 No abstract available. - Adolescents with depression.
Bridge JA, Brent DA. Bridge JA, et al. JAMA. 2004 Dec 1;292(21):2578; author reply 2578-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.292.21.2578-b. JAMA. 2004. PMID: 15572710 No abstract available. - Adolescents with depression.
Carroll BJ. Carroll BJ. JAMA. 2004 Dec 1;292(21):2578; author reply 2578-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.292.21.2578-a. JAMA. 2004. PMID: 15572711 No abstract available. - Fluoxetine plus cognitive behavioural therapy improves symptoms of major depressive disorder in adolescents.
Leon AC. Leon AC. Evid Based Ment Health. 2005 Feb;8(1):10. doi: 10.1136/ebmh.8.1.10. Evid Based Ment Health. 2005. PMID: 15671501 No abstract available. - Fluoxetine plus cognitive behavioural therapy was most effective for adolescents with major depressive disorder.
Rew L. Rew L. Evid Based Nurs. 2005 Apr;8(2):45. doi: 10.1136/ebn.8.2.45. Evid Based Nurs. 2005. PMID: 15830418 No abstract available. - Treat depressed teens with medication and psychotherapy.
Van Voorhees BW, Smith S, Ewigman B. Van Voorhees BW, et al. J Fam Pract. 2008 Nov;57(11):735-9a. J Fam Pract. 2008. PMID: 19006622 Free PMC article.
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