Further evidence of unique developmental phenotypic correlates of pediatric bipolar disorder: findings from a large sample of clinically referred preadolescent children assessed over the last 7 years - PubMed (original) (raw)
Comparative Study
. 2004 Oct:82 Suppl 1:S45-58.
doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.05.021.
Affiliations
- PMID: 15571789
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.05.021
Comparative Study
Further evidence of unique developmental phenotypic correlates of pediatric bipolar disorder: findings from a large sample of clinically referred preadolescent children assessed over the last 7 years
Joseph Biederman et al. J Affect Disord. 2004 Oct.
Abstract
Background: A comparison of the prevalence, clinical correlates, and patterns of comorbidity among children with bipolar disorder (BPD) assessed in the early 1990s (1st cohort) with those evaluated over the last 7 years (2nd cohort).
Method: Subjects in both cohorts were children aged <or=12 years referred to a child psychiatry service and evaluated with identical assessment methods. Children with a DSM-III-R BPD diagnosis (1st cohort, n=43; 2nd cohort, n=129) were identified. For comparison purposes, we used attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children without BPD referred to the same clinic during the same time period (1st cohort, n=164; 2nd cohort, n=450).
Results: Analogous to 1st cohort findings, 2nd cohort results showed that (1) mania was identified in 17% of subjects; (2) the clinical picture was predominantly irritable and mixed, and the course was chronic; (3) BPD children frequently met criteria for major depression, ADHD, psychosis, and anxiety disorders; and (4) BPD children had high rates of psychiatric hospitalization and had evidence of severely impaired psychosocial functioning.
Conclusion: These findings confirm that pediatric BPD is a severe clinical disorder afflicting a sizable number of referred preadolescent children. Its unique phenotypic features and patterns of comorbidity support the hypothesis that clinically referred pediatric bipolar disorder represents a very severe developmental subtype of bipolar disorder.
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