Monitoring of the booster biocide dichlofluanid in water and marine sediment of Greek marinas - PubMed (original) (raw)
Monitoring of the booster biocide dichlofluanid in water and marine sediment of Greek marinas
C Hamwijk et al. Chemosphere. 2005 Sep.
Abstract
Dichlofluanid (N-dichlorofluoromethylthio-N'-dimethyl-N-phenylsulphamide) is used as booster biocide in antifouling paints. The occurrence of dichlofluanid and its metabolite DMSA (N'-dimethyl-N-phenyl-sulphamide) was monitored in seawater and marine sediment from three Greek marinas. Seawater and sediment samples were collected at three representative positions and one suspected hotspot in each marina and shipped to the laboratory for chemical analysis. As part of the project, an analytical method had been developed and validated. Furthermore, some additional experiments were carried out to investigate the potential contribution of paint particle bound dichlofluanid on the total concentration in the sediment. As expected, given its known high hydrolytic degradation rate, no detectable concentrations of dichlofluanid were measured in any of the seawater samples. DMSA was detected in seawater samples at very low concentrations varying from <3 ng l(-1) (LOD) to 36 ng l(-1). During method validation, it had already been demonstrated that dichlofluanid is unstable in sediment and can therefore only be determined as its metabolite DMSA. In a separate experiment, in which marine sediment was spiked with artificial paint particles containing dichlofluanid and then analysed according to the validated method, it was demonstrated that if there is any dichlofluanid originating from paint particles, this would be determined as DMSA. No DMSA was detected in any of the sediment samples. It could therefore be concluded that there were no significant concentrations of dichlofluanid in the sediment samples.
Similar articles
- Antifouling paint booster biocide contamination in Greek marine sediments.
Albanis TA, Lambropoulou DA, Sakkas VA, Konstantinou IK. Albanis TA, et al. Chemosphere. 2002 Aug;48(5):475-85. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00134-0. Chemosphere. 2002. PMID: 12146627 - Antifouling biocides in discarded marine paint particles.
Parks R, Donnier-Marechal M, Frickers PE, Turner A, Readman JW. Parks R, et al. Mar Pollut Bull. 2010 Aug;60(8):1226-30. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.03.022. Epub 2010 Apr 8. Mar Pollut Bull. 2010. PMID: 20381093 - Occurrence and persistence of antifouling biocide Irgarol 1051 and its main metabolite in the coastal waters of Southern England.
Zhou JL. Zhou JL. Sci Total Environ. 2008 Nov 15;406(1-2):239-46. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.049. Epub 2008 Sep 11. Sci Total Environ. 2008. PMID: 18789489 - Worldwide occurrence and effects of antifouling paint booster biocides in the aquatic environment: a review.
Konstantinou IK, Albanis TA. Konstantinou IK, et al. Environ Int. 2004 Apr;30(2):235-48. doi: 10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00176-4. Environ Int. 2004. PMID: 14749112 Review. - Antifouling booster biocides in Latin America and the Caribbean: A 20-year review.
Almeida JC, Castro ÍB, Nunes BZ, Zanardi-Lamardo E. Almeida JC, et al. Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Apr;189:114718. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114718. Epub 2023 Feb 18. Mar Pollut Bull. 2023. PMID: 36807046 Review.
Cited by
- Antifouling booster biocide extraction from marine sediments: a fast and simple method based on vortex-assisted matrix solid-phase extraction.
Caldas SS, Soares BM, Abreu F, Castro ÍB, Fillmann G, Primel EG. Caldas SS, et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Mar;25(8):7553-7565. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0942-x. Epub 2017 Dec 27. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018. PMID: 29282665 - Concentration of antifouling biocides and metals in sediment core samples in the northern part of Hiroshima Bay.
Tsunemasa N, Yamazaki H. Tsunemasa N, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Jun 4;15(6):9991-10004. doi: 10.3390/ijms15069991. Int J Mol Sci. 2014. PMID: 24901529 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials