A 3-year longitudinal study on body composition changes in the elderly: role of physical exercise - PubMed (original) (raw)
A 3-year longitudinal study on body composition changes in the elderly: role of physical exercise
Comasia Addolorata Raguso et al. Clin Nutr. 2006 Aug.
Abstract
Background: Cross-sectional data have shown that sarcopenia and fat accumulation are associated with aging and can be limited by structured physical training. However, it is often difficult to maintain a long-term compliance to training programs. It is not clear whether leisure-time physical activity is effective in preventing sarcopenia and fat accumulation.
Objectives: (i) To investigate longitudinal body composition changes in a population of elderly people in good apparent health. (ii) To evaluate the impact of leisure-time physical activity on muscle mass and characteristic as reflected by total body potassium per fat-free soft tissue (TBK/FFST), and on fat accumulation.
Design: Longitudinal evaluation over 3 years, of body composition changes in 74 healthy men and 66 women, over 65 years old. Body fat and FFST were analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and TBK by whole-body (40)K counter. Physical activity was analyzed by a specific questionnaire.
Results: Despite a stable total body weight, FFST and appendicular skeletal muscle mass slightly decreased (-0.3+/-1.4 and -0.2+/-2.2 kg, P<0.01, respectively) as well as the TBK/FFST (-4.1+/-6.3 mmol/kg, P<0.001), over the 3-year period. Body fat increased significantly (0.6+/-2.2 kg, P<0.0001), and it accumulated mainly in the abdomen (0.4+/-1.5 kg, P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that body composition changes were related mainly to body weight changes. Nevertheless, positive linear correlations were observed between the degree of engagement in leisure-time physical activity and FFST (P<0.01), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (P<0.05), TBK/FFST (P<0.05), whereas negative correlation was observed with total and truncal fat (P<0.01).
Conclusions: Mild but significant decline in muscle mass and its TBK content, and body fat accumulation were observed over a 3-year period in healthy elderly subject: leisure-time physical activity does not seem to prevent them. However, a higher level of physical activity is associated with higher muscle mass and TBK content, and less total and truncal fat.
Similar articles
- Age-related differences in fat-free mass, skeletal muscle, body cell mass and fat mass between 18 and 94 years.
Kyle UG, Genton L, Hans D, Karsegard L, Slosman DO, Pichard C. Kyle UG, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001 Aug;55(8):663-72. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601198. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001. PMID: 11477465 - Relationship between antioxidant intakes and class I sarcopenia in elderly men and women.
Chaput JP, Lord C, Cloutier M, Aubertin Leheudre M, Goulet ED, Rousseau S, Khalil A, Dionne IJ. Chaput JP, et al. J Nutr Health Aging. 2007 Jul-Aug;11(4):363-9. J Nutr Health Aging. 2007. PMID: 17653501 - Influence of extracurricular sport activities on body composition and physical fitness in boys: a 3-year longitudinal study.
Ara I, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Perez-Gomez J, Jimenez-Ramirez J, Serrano-Sanchez JA, Dorado C, Calbet JA. Ara I, et al. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006 Jul;30(7):1062-71. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803303. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006. PMID: 16801944 - Relationship between body composition changes and changes in physical function and metabolic risk factors in aging.
St-Onge MP. St-Onge MP. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2005 Sep;8(5):523-8. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2005. PMID: 16079623 Review. - Nutrition, exercise, and healthy aging.
Evans WJ, Cyr-Campbell D. Evans WJ, et al. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997 Jun;97(6):632-8. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(97)00160-0. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997. PMID: 9183325 Review.
Cited by
- Evolving Concepts of Pain Management in Elderly Patients.
Kaye AD, Kweon J, Hashim A, Elwaraky MM, Shehata IM, Luther PM, Shekoohi S. Kaye AD, et al. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2024 Oct;28(10):999-1005. doi: 10.1007/s11916-024-01291-x. Epub 2024 Jul 5. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2024. PMID: 38967713 Review. - Associations between regional adipose tissue distribution and skeletal muscle bioenergetics in older men and women.
Brennan AM, Coen PM, Mau T, Hetherington-Rauth M, Toledo FGS, Kershaw EE, Cawthon PM, Kramer PA, Ramos SV, Newman AB, Cummings SR, Forman DE, Yeo RX, Distefano G, Miljkovic I, Justice JN, Molina AJA, Jurczak MJ, Sparks LM, Kritchevsky SB, Goodpaster BH. Brennan AM, et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024 Jun;32(6):1125-1135. doi: 10.1002/oby.24008. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024. PMID: 38803308 - Effects of Dietary Intervention on Nutritional Status in Elderly Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease.
Cacciapuoti N, Lonardo MS, Di Lauro M, Di Lorenzo M, Aurino L, Pacella D, Guida B. Cacciapuoti N, et al. Nutrients. 2024 Feb 24;16(5):632. doi: 10.3390/nu16050632. Nutrients. 2024. PMID: 38474760 Free PMC article. - Sex Differences and Physical Activity Status on the Hamstring: Quadriceps Ratio, Activities of Daily Living, and Functional Movement in Older Adults.
Followay BN, Reierson HA, Rigden EM. Followay BN, et al. Int J Exerc Sci. 2023 Oct 1;16(4):1228-1243. eCollection 2023. Int J Exerc Sci. 2023. PMID: 38288070 Free PMC article. - Integrated approach to reducing polypharmacy in older people: exploring the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential therapy.
Rojas-Solé C, Pinilla-González V, Lillo-Moya J, González-Fernández T, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Rojas-Solé C, et al. Redox Rep. 2024 Dec;29(1):2289740. doi: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2289740. Epub 2023 Dec 18. Redox Rep. 2024. PMID: 38108325 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical