Neuroimmune-endocrine crosstalk in schizophrenia and mood disorders - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
Neuroimmune-endocrine crosstalk in schizophrenia and mood disorders
Norbert Müller et al. Expert Rev Neurother. 2006 Jul.
Abstract
This review focuses on possible causes and the impact of different immune states in schizophrenia and major depression. It discusses the fact that, in schizophrenia, an over-activation of the type 2 immune response may dominate, while the type 1 and the pro-inflammatory immune responses are over-activated in major depression. The consequence of these diverse immune states is the activation and, respectively, inhibition of different enzymes in tryptophan/kynurenine metabolism, which may lead to an overemphasis of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism in schizophrenia and of NMDA-receptor agonism in depression, resulting in glutamatergic hypofunction in schizophrenia and glutamatergic hyperfunction in major depression. In addition, the activation of the type 1 and the pro-inflammatory immune responses in major depression result in increased serotonin degradation and a serotonergic deficit. While antipsychotics and antidepressants today mainly act on the dopaminergic-glutamatergic and the noradrenergic-serotonergic neurotransmission, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating therapies might act more basically at the pathophysiological mechanism. The limitations of this concept, however, are critically discussed.
Similar articles
- COX-2 inhibitors as antidepressants and antipsychotics: clinical evidence.
Müller N. Müller N. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2010 Jan;11(1):31-42. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2010. PMID: 20047157 Review. - The immune-mediated alteration of serotonin and glutamate: towards an integrated view of depression.
Müller N, Schwarz MJ. Müller N, et al. Mol Psychiatry. 2007 Nov;12(11):988-1000. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4002006. Epub 2007 Apr 24. Mol Psychiatry. 2007. PMID: 17457312 Review. - Bridging the gap between the immune and glutamate hypotheses of schizophrenia and major depression: Potential role of glial NMDA receptor modulators and impaired blood-brain barrier integrity.
Steiner J, Bogerts B, Sarnyai Z, Walter M, Gos T, Bernstein HG, Myint AM. Steiner J, et al. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;13(7):482-92. doi: 10.3109/15622975.2011.583941. Epub 2011 Jun 28. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2012. PMID: 21707463 Review. - Kynurenine pathway in schizophrenia: pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects.
Müller N, Myint AM, Schwarz MJ. Müller N, et al. Curr Pharm Des. 2011;17(2):130-6. doi: 10.2174/138161211795049552. Curr Pharm Des. 2011. PMID: 21361867 Review. - Cytokines in schizophrenia and the effects of antipsychotic drugs.
Drzyzga L, Obuchowicz E, Marcinowska A, Herman ZS. Drzyzga L, et al. Brain Behav Immun. 2006 Nov;20(6):532-45. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2006.02.002. Epub 2006 Apr 3. Brain Behav Immun. 2006. PMID: 16580814 Review.
Cited by
- Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Brain Development and Its Association With Neurodevelopmental Psychiatric Disorders.
Dash S, Syed YA, Khan MR. Dash S, et al. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Apr 14;10:880544. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.880544. eCollection 2022. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022. PMID: 35493075 Free PMC article. Review. - Schizophrenia-associated SLC39A8 polymorphism is a loss-of-function allele altering glutamate receptor and innate immune signaling.
Tseng WC, Reinhart V, Lanz TA, Weber ML, Pang J, Le KXV, Bell RD, O'Donnell P, Buhl DL. Tseng WC, et al. Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 19;11(1):136. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01262-5. Transl Psychiatry. 2021. PMID: 33608496 Free PMC article. - Alterations in the Nervous System and Gut Microbiota after _β_-Hemolytic Streptococcus Group A Infection-Characteristics and Diagnostic Criteria of PANDAS Recognition.
Baj J, Sitarz E, Forma A, Wróblewska K, Karakuła-Juchnowicz H. Baj J, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 21;21(4):1476. doi: 10.3390/ijms21041476. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. PMID: 32098238 Free PMC article. Review. - Anti-inflammatory Strategies for Schizophrenia: A Review of Evidence for Therapeutic Applications and Drug Repurposing.
Hong J, Bang M. Hong J, et al. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2020 Feb 29;18(1):10-24. doi: 10.9758/cpn.2020.18.1.10. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2020. PMID: 31958901 Free PMC article. - Generation and Characterization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mononuclear Cells in Schizophrenic Patients.
Liu Q, Du J, Fan J, Li W, Guo W, Feng H, Lin J. Liu Q, et al. Cell J. 2019 Jul;21(2):161-168. doi: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5871. Epub 2019 Feb 20. Cell J. 2019. PMID: 30825289 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical