Metabolism of linoleic acid by human gut bacteria: different routes for biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid - PubMed (original) (raw)

Metabolism of linoleic acid by human gut bacteria: different routes for biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid

Estelle Devillard et al. J Bacteriol. 2007 Mar.

Abstract

A survey of 30 representative strains of human gram-positive intestinal bacteria indicated that Roseburia species were among the most active in metabolizing linoleic acid (cis-9,cis-12-18:2). Different Roseburia spp. formed either vaccenic acid (trans-11-18:1) or a 10-hydroxy-18:1; these compounds are precursors of the health-promoting conjugated linoleic acid cis-9,trans-11-18:2 in human tissues and the intestine, respectively.

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Figures

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Mass spectra of the methyl ester of the HFA produced by 13 of the 30 bacterial strains studied here when they were incubated with linoleic acid. (A) Mass spectrum obtained with the unlabeled FAME derivative. (B) Mass spectrum obtained with the FAME derivative obtained from cultures containing deuterium oxide, showing peaks at m/z 160 to 210, where the two characteristic fragments of HFA are present.

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

Metabolism of HFA (▪) and LA (⧫) and formation of the products CLA (▵), VA (○), and stearic acid (□) by mixed fecal flora from volunteer 1 (A) and from volunteer 2 (B). The values are the means of duplicates and are expressed in μg of fatty acid/ml of fecal suspension.

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3.

Proposed pathways of LA metabolism by bacterial species isolated from the human gut. The open arrows represent the bacterial activity of Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium, and Bifidobacterium species leading to the formation of CLA. The shaded arrows represent the bacterial activity of some Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium, and Bifidobacterium species and some _Clostridium_-like bacteria belonging to clusters IV (e.g., Eubacterium siraeum) and XIVa (e.g., R. intestinalis and Roseburia faecis) leading to the formation of HFA. The solid arrows represent the bacterial activity of _Clostridium_-like bacteria belonging to cluster XIVa leading to the formation of VA (e.g., Roseburia hominis and R. inulinivorans). The dotted arrows represent activities observed in fecal microbiota for which the responsible bacterial species are still unknown.

References

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