Vitamin E, antioxidant and nothing more - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
Vitamin E, antioxidant and nothing more
Maret G Traber et al. Free Radic Biol Med. 2007.
Abstract
All of the naturally occurring vitamin E forms, as well as those of synthetic all-rac-alpha-tocopherol, have relatively similar antioxidant properties, so why does the body prefer alpha-tocopherol as its unique form of vitamin E? We propose the hypothesis that all of the observations concerning the in vivo mechanism of action of alpha-tocopherol result from its role as a potent lipid-soluble antioxidant. The purpose of this review then is to describe the evidence for alpha-tocopherol's in vivo function and to make the claim that alpha-tocopherol's major vitamin function, if not only function, is that of a peroxyl radical scavenger. The importance of this function is to maintain the integrity of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the membranes of cells and thus maintain their bioactivity. That is to say that these bioactive lipids are important signaling molecules and that changes in their amounts, or in their loss due to oxidation, are the key cellular events that are responded to by cells. The various signaling pathways that have been described by others to be under alpha-tocopherol regulation appear rather to be dependent on the oxidative stress of the cell or tissue under question. Moreover, it seems unlikely that these pathways are specifically under the control of alpha-tocopherol given that various antioxidants other than alpha-tocopherol and various oxidative stressors can manipulate their responses. Thus, virtually all of the variation and scope of vitamin E's biological activity can be seen and understood in the light of protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the membrane qualities (fluidity, phase separation, and lipid domains) that polyunsaturated fatty acids bring about.
Comment in
- Vitamin E function.
Niki E. Niki E. Free Radic Biol Med. 2007 Nov 15;43(10):1466-7. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.08.016. Epub 2007 Aug 31. Free Radic Biol Med. 2007. PMID: 17936192 No abstract available.
Similar articles
- Vitamin E and its function in membranes.
Wang X, Quinn PJ. Wang X, et al. Prog Lipid Res. 1999 Jul;38(4):309-36. doi: 10.1016/s0163-7827(99)00008-9. Prog Lipid Res. 1999. PMID: 10793887 Review. - Relative alpha-tocopherol deficiency in cultured cells: free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, lipid oxidizability, and cellular polyunsaturated fatty acid content.
Kelley EE, Buettner GR, Burns CP. Kelley EE, et al. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 May 10;319(1):102-9. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1995.1271. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995. PMID: 7771773 - A history of vitamin E.
Niki E, Traber MG. Niki E, et al. Ann Nutr Metab. 2012;61(3):207-12. doi: 10.1159/000343106. Epub 2012 Nov 26. Ann Nutr Metab. 2012. PMID: 23183290 Review. - The role of metabolism in the antioxidant function of vitamin E.
Liebler DC. Liebler DC. Crit Rev Toxicol. 1993;23(2):147-69. doi: 10.3109/10408449309117115. Crit Rev Toxicol. 1993. PMID: 8329114 Review. - Vitamin E.
Mustacich DJ, Bruno RS, Traber MG. Mustacich DJ, et al. Vitam Horm. 2007;76:1-21. doi: 10.1016/S0083-6729(07)76001-6. Vitam Horm. 2007. PMID: 17628169 Review.
Cited by
- Unveiling the anticancer potential of Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight& Arn.: Evidences from cytotoxicity studies, apoptosis analysis, and molecular docking.
Thozhukkad Moosaripparambil S, Vadakkadath Meethal K. Thozhukkad Moosaripparambil S, et al. 3 Biotech. 2024 Oct;14(10):245. doi: 10.1007/s13205-024-04096-2. Epub 2024 Sep 25. 3 Biotech. 2024. PMID: 39345961 - Review of Liquid Vitamin A and E Formulations in Veterinary and Livestock Production: Applications and Perspectives.
Shastak Y, Pelletier W. Shastak Y, et al. Vet Sci. 2024 Sep 9;11(9):421. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11090421. Vet Sci. 2024. PMID: 39330800 Free PMC article. Review. - Reduced retinol (vitamin A) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) blood levels and increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in children with high myopia.
Mikoluc B, Sawicka-Powierza J, Berk K, Maciejczyk M, Powierza K, Zalewska A, Szulimowska J, MacDonald J, Koput A, Karpinska J, Sawczuk R, Hryniewicka M, Bakunowicz-Lazarczyk A. Mikoluc B, et al. Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 11;14(1):21231. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72426-8. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 39261545 Free PMC article. - Evaluation of a portable fluorometer for the quantification of vitamin E in blood at key physiological stages of dairy cattle.
Owczarzak EJ, Grotenrath N, Carlson H, Mamedova L, Bradford BJ, Abuelo A. Owczarzak EJ, et al. JDS Commun. 2024 Feb 1;5(4):344-349. doi: 10.3168/jdsc.2023-0520. eCollection 2024 Jul. JDS Commun. 2024. PMID: 39220848 Free PMC article. - Vitamin E alleviates glyphosate-based herbicide-induced progesterone secretion inhibition and oxidative stress increase in chicken primary granulosa cells.
Fréville M, Bernardi O, Ramé C, Froment P, Dupont J. Fréville M, et al. Poult Sci. 2024 Nov;103(11):104194. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104194. Epub 2024 Aug 14. Poult Sci. 2024. PMID: 39214058 Free PMC article.
References
- Evans HM, Bishop KS. On the existence of a hitherto unrecognized dietary factor essential for reproduction. Science. 1922;56:650–651. - PubMed
- Sondergaard E, Dam H. Influence of the level of dietary linoleic acid on the amount of d-alpha-tocopherol acetate required for protection against encephalomalacia. Z Ernahrungswiss. 1966;6:253–258. - PubMed
- Dam H. Influence of antioxidants and redox substances on signs of vitamin E deficiency. Pharmacol Rev. 1957;9:1–16. - PubMed
- Dam H. Fat-soluble vitamins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1951;20:265–304. - PubMed
- Dam H, Granados H. The influence of certain substances on massive hepatic necrosis and lung hemorrhage in rats fed low-protein, vitamin E deficient diets. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1951;7:181–188. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
- R01 ES012249/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
- R01 DK067930/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- R01 DK059576-05/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- R01 DK067930-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- ES012249/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
- R01 DK067930-01A1S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- DK 067930/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- R01 DK059576/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous