Astrocyte glycogen and brain energy metabolism - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
. 2007 Sep;55(12):1263-1271.
doi: 10.1002/glia.20557.
Affiliations
- PMID: 17659525
- DOI: 10.1002/glia.20557
Review
Astrocyte glycogen and brain energy metabolism
Angus M Brown et al. Glia. 2007 Sep.
Abstract
The brain contains glycogen but at low concentration compared with liver and muscle. In the adult brain, glycogen is found predominantly in astrocytes. Astrocyte glycogen content is modulated by a number of factors including some neurotransmitters and ambient glucose concentration. Compelling evidence indicates that astrocyte glycogen breaks down during hypoglycemia to lactate that is transferred to adjacent neurons or axons where it is used aerobically as fuel. In the case of CNS white matter, this source of energy can extend axon function for 20 min or longer. Likewise, during periods of intense neural activity when energy demand exceeds glucose supply, astrocyte glycogen is degraded to lactate, a portion of which is transferred to axons for fuel. Astrocyte glycogen, therefore, offers some protection against hypoglycemic neural injury and ensures that neurons and axons can maintain their function during very intense periods of activation. These emerging principles about the roles of astrocyte glycogen contradict the long held belief that this metabolic pool has little or no functional significance.
Similar articles
- Energy Metabolism of the Brain, Including the Cooperation between Astrocytes and Neurons, Especially in the Context of Glycogen Metabolism.
Falkowska A, Gutowska I, Goschorska M, Nowacki P, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. Falkowska A, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2015 Oct 29;16(11):25959-81. doi: 10.3390/ijms161125939. Int J Mol Sci. 2015. PMID: 26528968 Free PMC article. Review. - Can lactate serve as an energy substrate for axons in good times and in bad, in sickness and in health?
Baltan S. Baltan S. Metab Brain Dis. 2015 Feb;30(1):25-30. doi: 10.1007/s11011-014-9595-3. Epub 2014 Jul 19. Metab Brain Dis. 2015. PMID: 25034458 Free PMC article. Review. - Astrocyte glycogen as an emergency fuel under conditions of glucose deprivation or intense neural activity.
Brown AM, Ransom BR. Brown AM, et al. Metab Brain Dis. 2015 Feb;30(1):233-9. doi: 10.1007/s11011-014-9588-2. Epub 2014 Jul 20. Metab Brain Dis. 2015. PMID: 25037166 Review. - Ischemic tolerance in pre-myelinated white matter: the role of astrocyte glycogen in brain pathology.
Fern R. Fern R. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015 Jun;35(6):951-8. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2015.3. Epub 2015 Feb 11. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015. PMID: 25669910 Free PMC article. - Metabolism of Glycogen in Brain White Matter.
Brown AM, Rich LR, Ransom BR. Brown AM, et al. Adv Neurobiol. 2019;23:187-207. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-27480-1_7. Adv Neurobiol. 2019. PMID: 31667810 Review.
Cited by
- Contemporary Themes in Dietary Intake in Rugby Union Players: A Narrative Review.
Roberts CJ, Gough LA. Roberts CJ, et al. Nutrients. 2024 Sep 6;16(17):3011. doi: 10.3390/nu16173011. Nutrients. 2024. PMID: 39275326 Free PMC article. Review. - Deletion of murine astrocytic vesicular nucleotide transporter increases anxiety and depressive-like behavior and attenuates motivation for reward.
Huang Q, Lee HH, Volpe B, Zhang Q, Xue C, Liu BC, Abuhasan YR, Li L, Yang JS, Egholm J, Gutierrez-Vazquez C, Li A, Lee A, Tang S, Wong CW, Liu T, Huang Y, Ramos RL, Stout RF, El Ouaamari A, Quintana FJ, Lowell BB, Kahn CR, Pothos EN, Cai W. Huang Q, et al. Mol Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 9. doi: 10.1038/s41380-024-02692-5. Online ahead of print. Mol Psychiatry. 2024. PMID: 39122778 - Transcriptional profiling of retinal astrocytes identifies a specific marker and points to functional specialization.
Cullen PF, Gammerdinger WJ, Ho Sui SJ, Mazumder AG, Sun D. Cullen PF, et al. Glia. 2024 Sep;72(9):1604-1628. doi: 10.1002/glia.24571. Epub 2024 May 24. Glia. 2024. PMID: 38785355 - Ion transporter cascade, reactive astrogliosis and cerebrovascular diseases.
Rahman MS, Islam R, Bhuiyan MIH. Rahman MS, et al. Front Pharmacol. 2024 Apr 9;15:1374408. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1374408. eCollection 2024. Front Pharmacol. 2024. PMID: 38659577 Free PMC article. Review. - Role of Post-Transcriptional Regulation in Learning and Memory in Mammals.
Di Liegro CM, Schiera G, SchirĂ² G, Di Liegro I. Di Liegro CM, et al. Genes (Basel). 2024 Mar 5;15(3):337. doi: 10.3390/genes15030337. Genes (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38540396 Free PMC article. Review.
References
REFERENCES
- Allaman I, Pellerin L, Magistretti PJ. 2000. Protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) mRNA expression is stimulated by noradrenaline in mouse cortical astrocytes. Glia 30: 382-391.
- Ames AIII. 2000. CNS energy metabolism as related to function. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 34: 42-68.
- Auer RN. 2004. Hypoglycemic brain damage. Metab Brain Dis 19: 169-175.
- Bachelard HS. 1980. Glucose transport to the brain in vivo and in vitro. In: Passonneau JV, Hawkins RA, Lust WD, Welsh F, editors. Cerebral metabolism and neural function. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. pp 106-119.
- Bergersen LH, Magistretti PJ, Pellerin L. 2005. Selective postsynaptic co-localization of MCT2 with AMPA receptor GluR2/3 subunits at excitatory synapses exhibiting AMPA receptor trafficking. Cereb Cortex 15: 361-370.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources