PPARs Expression in Adult Mouse Neural Stem Cells: Modulation of PPARs during Astroglial Differentiaton of NSC - PubMed (original) (raw)

PPARs Expression in Adult Mouse Neural Stem Cells: Modulation of PPARs during Astroglial Differentiaton of NSC

A Cimini et al. PPAR Res. 2007.

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Abstract

PPAR isotypes are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, death, and differentiation, with different roles and mechanisms depending on the specific isotype and ligand and on the differentiated, undifferentiated, or transformed status of the cell. Differentiation stimuli are integrated by key transcription factors which regulate specific sets of specialized genes to allow proliferative cells to exit the cell cycle and acquire specialized functions. The main differentiation programs known to be controlled by PPARs both during development and in the adult are placental differentiation, adipogenesis, osteoblast differentiation, skin differentiation, and gut differentiation. PPARs may also be involved in the differentiation of macrophages, brain, and breast. However, their functions in this cell type and organs still awaits further elucidation. PPARs may be involved in cell proliferation and differentiation processes of neural stem cells (NSC). To this aim, in this work the expression of the three PPAR isotypes and RXRs in NSC has been investigated.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Contrast phase microscopy of neural stem cells growing in neurospheres (a). In (c), BrdU incorporation is shown. Hoechst nuclear staining of the same field is shown in (b). Bar = 40 _μ_m.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Immunolocalization in S0 neurospheres of nestin (b) and PLP (e). Nuclear staining of the same field is shown in (a) and (d), respectively. Double A2B5/Hoechst immunostaining is shown in (c). Bar = 70 _μ_m.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Immunolocalization in S0 neurospheres of nestin (b) and PLP (e). Nuclear staining of the same field is shown in (a) and (d), respectively. Double A2B5/Hoechst immunostaining is shown in (c). Bar = 70 _μ_m.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Immunolocalization in S0 neurospheres of nestin (b) and PLP (e). Nuclear staining of the same field is shown in (a) and (d), respectively. Double A2B5/Hoechst immunostaining is shown in (c). Bar = 70 _μ_m.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Immunolocalization in S0 neurospheres of nestin (b) and PLP (e). Nuclear staining of the same field is shown in (a) and (d), respectively. Double A2B5/Hoechst immunostaining is shown in (c). Bar = 70 _μ_m.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Immunolocalization in S0 neurospheres of nestin (b) and PLP (e). Nuclear staining of the same field is shown in (a) and (d), respectively. Double A2B5/Hoechst immunostaining is shown in (c). Bar = 70 _μ_m.

Figure 3

Figure 3

PPARs immunolocalization in S0 neurospheres. (b) PPAR_α_, (d) PPAR_β_, (f) PPAR_γ_. Hoechst nuclear staining is shown in (a), (b), and (c), respectively. Bar = 20 _μ_m.

Figure 4

Figure 4

Western blotting and relative densitometric analysis in S0 neurosphere cell lysates. An example of western blotting is shown. Densitometric data are means ± SD of 5 different experiments.

Figure 5

Figure 5

Immunolocalization of nestin, A2B5, and GFAP in S10 neurospheres. In (a), (b), and (c), double immunostaining of nestin/Hoechst, A2B5/Hoechst, and GFAP/Hoechst is shown, respectively. In (d), (e), and (f), the single immunostaining is shown. Bar = 40 _μ_m.

Figure 6

Figure 6

Double immunofluorescence staining for GFAP/PPAR in S10 neurospheres is shown. (a) PPAR_α_, (b) PPAR_β_, (c) PPAR_γ_. Bar = 30 _μ_m.

Figure 7

Figure 7

Western blotting and relative densitometric analysis in S10 neurosphere cell lysates. An example of western blotting is shown. Densitometric data are means ± SD of 5 different experiments. * P < .05; ** P < .001.

Figure 8

Figure 8

RT-PCR analysis in S0 and S10 neurospheres. An example of RT-PCR is shown. Densitometric data are means ± SD of 5 different experiments. Semiquantification has been performed against the housekeeping gene _β_-actin. ** P < .001.

Figure 9

Figure 9

Double oil red/nestin in S0 neurospheres (a) and oil red/GFAP in S10 (b) neurospheres. Bar = 20 _μ_m.

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