Carbohydrate intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study - PubMed (original) (raw)
. 2008 May;99(5):1107-16.
doi: 10.1017/S0007114507853360. Epub 2007 Nov 8.
Affiliations
- PMID: 17988431
- DOI: 10.1017/S0007114507853360
Carbohydrate intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam Study
Matthias B Schulze et al. Br J Nutr. 2008 May.
Abstract
It remains unclear what long-term effects of substituting carbohydrates at the expense of protein or fat may have with regard to diabetes risk. Our objective was to evaluate carbohydrate intake in predicting type 2 diabetes using substitution models for fat and protein. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 9,702 men and 15,365 women aged 35-65 years and free of diabetes at baseline (1994-8) who were followed for incident type 2 diabetes until 2005. Dietary intake of macronutrients was estimated with a validated FFQ. We estimated the relative risk (RR) using Cox proportional hazards analysis. During 176,117 person-years of follow-up we observed 844 incident cases of physician-confirmed type 2 diabetes. After adjustment for age, BMI, waist circumference, potential lifestyle and dietary confounders, substituting 5 % of energy intake from total, saturated, or monounsaturated fat with carbohydrates was not associated with diabetes risk. In contrast, substituting carbohydrates for protein or PUFA was inversely related to diabetes risk (RR for 5 % energy substitution of protein 0.77 (95 % CI 0.64, 0.91); RR for PUFA 0.83 (95 % CI 0.70, 0.98)). These associations appeared to be similar for men and women, but gained statistical significance only among men for protein (RR 0.78 (95 % CI 0.61, 0.99)). Restricted cubic spline regression did not indicate non-linearity of these associations (P for non-linearity in full cohort was 0.353 and 0.349). In conclusion, a higher carbohydrate intake at the expense of protein and PUFA might be associated with decreased diabetes risk.
Similar articles
- Inadequate fat or carbohydrate intake was associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korean adults: A 12-year community-based prospective cohort study.
Ha K, Joung H, Song Y. Ha K, et al. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019 Feb;148:254-261. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.01.024. Epub 2019 Jan 28. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019. PMID: 30703429 - High intakes of protein and processed meat associate with increased incidence of type 2 diabetes.
Ericson U, Sonestedt E, Gullberg B, Hellstrand S, Hindy G, Wirfält E, Orho-Melander M. Ericson U, et al. Br J Nutr. 2013 Mar 28;109(6):1143-53. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512003017. Epub 2012 Aug 1. Br J Nutr. 2013. PMID: 22850191 - Macronutrient intakes and development of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Alhazmi A, Stojanovski E, McEvoy M, Garg ML. Alhazmi A, et al. J Am Coll Nutr. 2012 Aug;31(4):243-58. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2012.10720425. J Am Coll Nutr. 2012. PMID: 23378452 Review. - Associations of dietary intakes of anthocyanins and berry fruits with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
Guo X, Yang B, Tan J, Jiang J, Li D. Guo X, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Dec;70(12):1360-1367. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.142. Epub 2016 Aug 17. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016. PMID: 27530472 Review.
Cited by
- Dietary fructose and its association with the metabolic syndrome in Lebanese healthy adults: a cross-sectional study.
Aoun R, Chokor FAZ, Taktouk M, Nasrallah M, Ismaeel H, Tamim H, Nasreddine L. Aoun R, et al. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2022 Feb 9;14(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s13098-022-00800-5. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2022. PMID: 35139893 Free PMC article. - Estimation of Starch and Sugar Intake in a Japanese Population Based on a Newly Developed Food Composition Database.
Fujiwara A, Murakami K, Asakura K, Uechi K, Sugimoto M, Wang HC, Masayasu S, Sasaki S. Fujiwara A, et al. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 10;10(10):1474. doi: 10.3390/nu10101474. Nutrients. 2018. PMID: 30309012 Free PMC article. - Health effects of protein intake in healthy adults: a systematic literature review.
Pedersen AN, Kondrup J, Børsheim E. Pedersen AN, et al. Food Nutr Res. 2013 Jul 30;57. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v57i0.21245. Print 2013. Food Nutr Res. 2013. PMID: 23908602 Free PMC article. - Low-, medium- and high-glycaemic index carbohydrates and risk of type 2 diabetes in men.
Similä ME, Valsta LM, Kontto JP, Albanes D, Virtamo J. Similä ME, et al. Br J Nutr. 2011 Apr;105(8):1258-64. doi: 10.1017/S000711451000485X. Epub 2010 Nov 30. Br J Nutr. 2011. PMID: 21114892 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial. - Prospective associations of dietary carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake with β-cell function in the CODAM study.
den Biggelaar LJCJ, Eussen SJPM, Sep SJS, Mari A, Ferrannini E, van Greevenbroek MM, van der Kallen CJ, Schalkwijk CG, Arts ICW, Stehouwer CDA, Dagnelie PC. den Biggelaar LJCJ, et al. Eur J Nutr. 2019 Mar;58(2):597-608. doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1644-y. Epub 2018 Mar 10. Eur J Nutr. 2019. PMID: 29525890 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical