Femoral-gluteal subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissues have independent and opposing relationships with CVD risk - PubMed (original) (raw)
Comparative Study
Femoral-gluteal subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissues have independent and opposing relationships with CVD risk
Jung-Eun Yim et al. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2008 Mar.
Abstract
Femoral-gluteal adipose tissue (AT) may be cardioprotective through fatty acids uptake. Femoral-gluteal AT has previously been defined as leg fat measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA); however, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) are inseparable using DXA. This study investigated the independent relationships between femoral-gluteal SAT, femoral-gluteal IMAT, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors [fasting serum measures of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triglycerides (TG) and insulin] and whether race differences exist in femoral-gluteal AT distribution. Adult Caucasians (56 men and 104 women), African-Americans (37 men and 76 women), and Asians (11 men and 35 women) had total AT (TAT) including femoral-gluteal AT (upper leg SAT and IMAT) and visceral AT (VAT) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). General linear models identified the independent effects of femoral-gluteal SAT and femoral-gluteal IMAT on each risk factor after covarying for TAT, VAT, age, race, sex, and two-way interactions. Femoral-gluteal IMAT and glucose (P < 0.05) were positively associated independent of VAT. There were also significant inverse associations between femoral-gluteal SAT and insulin (P < 0.01) and TG (P < 0.05), although the addition of VAT rendered these effects nonsignificant, possibly due to collinearity. Asian women had less femoral-gluteal SAT and greater VAT than Caucasians and African-Americans (P < 0.05) and Asian and African-American men had greater femoral-gluteal IMAT than Caucasians, adjusted for age and TAT (P < 0.05 for both). Femoral-gluteal SAT and femoral-gluteal IMAT distribution varies by sex and race, and these two components have independent and opposing relationships with CVD risk factors.
Figures
Fig. 1
Body regions measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (A) and whole body magnetic resonance imaging (B).
Fig. 2
Adjusted triglycerides (TG) after adjustment for femoral-gluteal inter-muscular adipose tissue (IMAT), total adipose tissue (TAT), age, race, sex and 2-way interactions as a function of femoral-gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT; A) and adjusted glucose after adjustment for femoral-gluteal (FG) SAT, TAT, age, race, sex, and 2-way interactions as a function of FG IMAT (B).
Similar articles
- Gender differences in the association of visceral and subcutaneous adiposity with adiponectin in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.
Bidulescu A, Liu J, Hickson DA, Hairston KG, Fox ER, Arnett DK, Sumner AE, Taylor HA, Gibbons GH. Bidulescu A, et al. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2013 Feb 22;13:9. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-13-9. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2013. PMID: 23433085 Free PMC article. - Intermuscular adipose tissue rivals visceral adipose tissue in independent associations with cardiovascular risk.
Yim JE, Heshka S, Albu J, Heymsfield S, Kuznia P, Harris T, Gallagher D. Yim JE, et al. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007 Sep;31(9):1400-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803621. Epub 2007 Apr 24. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007. PMID: 17452994 Free PMC article. - Adipose tissue distribution is different in type 2 diabetes.
Gallagher D, Kelley DE, Yim JE, Spence N, Albu J, Boxt L, Pi-Sunyer FX, Heshka S; MRI Ancillary Study Group of the Look AHEAD Research Group. Gallagher D, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Mar;89(3):807-14. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26955. Epub 2009 Jan 21. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009. PMID: 19158213 Free PMC article. - Visceral adiposity and inflammatory bowel disease.
Rowan CR, McManus J, Boland K, O'Toole A. Rowan CR, et al. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2021 Nov;36(11):2305-2319. doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-03968-w. Epub 2021 Jun 9. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2021. PMID: 34104989 Review. - Liver, visceral and subcutaneous fat in men and women of South Asian and white European descent: a systematic review and meta-analysis of new and published data.
Iliodromiti S, McLaren J, Ghouri N, Miller MR, Dahlqvist Leinhard O, Linge J, Ballantyne S, Platt J, Foster J, Hanvey S, Gujral UP, Kanaya A, Sattar N, Lumsden MA, Gill JMR. Iliodromiti S, et al. Diabetologia. 2023 Jan;66(1):44-56. doi: 10.1007/s00125-022-05803-5. Epub 2022 Oct 13. Diabetologia. 2023. PMID: 36224274 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
- Mitochondrial Health Markers and Obesity-Related Health in Human Population Studies: A Narrative Review of Recent Literature.
Tung PW, Thaker VV, Gallagher D, Kupsco A. Tung PW, et al. Curr Obes Rep. 2024 Sep 17. doi: 10.1007/s13679-024-00588-7. Online ahead of print. Curr Obes Rep. 2024. PMID: 39287712 Review. - Mechanisms of body fat distribution and gluteal-femoral fat protection against metabolic disorders.
Alser M, Naja K, Elrayess MA. Alser M, et al. Front Nutr. 2024 Mar 25;11:1368966. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1368966. eCollection 2024. Front Nutr. 2024. PMID: 38590830 Free PMC article. Review. - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women - Current knowledge and emerging concepts.
Eng PC, Forlano R, Tan T, Manousou P, Dhillo WS, Izzi-Engbeaya C. Eng PC, et al. JHEP Rep. 2023 Jun 29;5(10):100835. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100835. eCollection 2023 Oct. JHEP Rep. 2023. PMID: 37771547 Free PMC article. Review. - Gender similarities and differences in skeletal muscle and body composition: an MRI study of recreational cyclists.
Belzunce MA, Henckel J, Di Laura A, Horga LM, Hart AJ. Belzunce MA, et al. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023 Aug 24;9(3):e001672. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001672. eCollection 2023. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023. PMID: 37637483 Free PMC article. - Skeletal muscle adiposity is a novel risk factor for poor cognition in African Caribbean women.
Acevedo-Fontánez AI, Cvejkus RK, Zmuda JM, Kuipers AL, Barinas-Mitchell E, Sekikawa A, Wheeler V, Rosano C, Miljkovic I. Acevedo-Fontánez AI, et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023 Sep;31(9):2398-2406. doi: 10.1002/oby.23816. Epub 2023 Jul 20. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023. PMID: 37475604 Free PMC article.
References
- Albu JB, Kovera AJ, Allen L, Wainwright M, Berk E, Raja-Khan N, Janumala I, Burkey B, Heshka S, Gallagher D. Independent association of insulin resistance with larger amounts of intermuscular adipose tissue and a greater acute insulin response to glucose in African American than in white nondiabetic women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:1010–1017. - PMC - PubMed
- Carmelli D, McElroy MR, Rosenman RH. Longitudinal changes in fat distribution in the Western Collaborative Group Study:a 23-year follow-up. Int J Obes. 1991;15:67–74. - PubMed
- Danforth E., Jr Failure of adipocyte differentiation causes type II diabetes mellitus? Nat Genet. 2000;26:13. - PubMed
- Despres JP. Intra-abdominal obesity: an untreated risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. J Endocrinol Invest. 2006;29:77–82. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
- AG-14715/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
- UL1 RR024156/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
- DK-40414/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- P01 DK042618-120006/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- R29 AG014715-05/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
- UL1 RR024156-02/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
- RR-00645/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
- P30 DK026687/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- P30-DK-26687/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- UL1 RR024156-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
- DK-42618/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- M01 RR000645/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
- RR-24156/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
- P30 DK026687-299012/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
- P01 DK042618/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Research Materials
Miscellaneous