Protein kinase C isozymes as therapeutic targets for treatment of human cancers - PubMed (original) (raw)

Protein kinase C isozymes as therapeutic targets for treatment of human cancers

Alan P Fields et al. Adv Enzyme Regul. 2008.

No abstract available

Figures

Figure 1. PKCβII activates multiple pro-carcinogenic signal transduction pathways

PKCβII activates the Wnt/APC/β-catenin proliferative signaling pathway by inactivating GSK-3β and increasing the levels of β-catenin (Murray et al., 1999). PKCβII also induces resistance to the growth inhibitory effects of TGFβ via a PKCβII→Cox-2→TGFβRII signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo (Murray et al., 2002; Yu et al., 2003). Finally, PKCβII induces Ras activation thereby inducing an invasive phenotype in vitro (Zhang et al., 2004).

Figure 2. PKCι is an oncogene that activates multiple signaling pathways critical for transformed growth, invasion and survival of human cancer cells

PKCι resides in several major signaling pathways implicated in human cancer. Many components of these pathways, including PKCι itself are oncogenically activated, often by multiple mechanisms (i.e. gene amplification and somatic mutation), in human tumors (indicated by shaded boxes). Arrows indicate flow through signaling pathways; touching boxes indicate direct binding of signaling components. Phosphorylation events are indicated by circled Ps.

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Protein kinase C isozymes as therapeutic targets for treatment of human cancers - PubMed (original) (raw)