Do all animals sleep? - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

Do all animals sleep?

Jerome M Siegel. Trends Neurosci. 2008 Apr.

Abstract

Some animals never exhibit a state that meets the behavioral definition of sleep. Others suspend or greatly reduce 'sleep' behavior for many weeks during the postpartum period or during seasonal migrations without any consequent 'sleep debt.' Rats die from one form of sleep deprivation, but sleep loss has not been shown to cause death in well-controlled studies in other vertebrate species. Some marine mammal species do not show evidence for REM sleep, and convincing evidence for this state in reptiles, fish and insects is lacking. The enormous variation in the nature of rest and sleep states across the animal kingdom and within the mammalian class has important implications for understanding the evolution and functions of sleep.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.

Light sleepers: animals that show little or no sleep during migrations, in the postpartum period or throughout their lives. (a) Commerson’s dolphin; (b) bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus; (c) and (d) killer whale Orcinus orca being born; (e) bullfrog Rana catesbeiana; (f) white-crowned sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys. Rana catesbeiana photo courtesy of James Harding; killer whale photos courtesy of SeaWorld, San Diego.

Similar articles

• Sleep in vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and insights into the function and evolution of sleep.
  Miyazaki S, Liu CY, Hayashi Y. Miyazaki S, et al. Neurosci Res. 2017 May;118:3-12. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.04.017. Epub 2017 May 10. Neurosci Res. 2017. PMID: 28501499 Review.
• Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation modifies expression of long-term potentiation in visual cortex of immature rats.
  Shaffery JP, Sinton CM, Bissette G, Roffwarg HP, Marks GA. Shaffery JP, et al. Neuroscience. 2002;110(3):431-43. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00589-9. Neuroscience. 2002. PMID: 11906784
• Why sleep?
  Horne J. Horne J. Biologist (London). 2002 Oct;49(5):213-6. Biologist (London). 2002. PMID: 12391412
• [Why do we sleep? Contributions from animal research].
  Tobler I. Tobler I. Ther Umsch. 2000 Jul;57(7):417-20. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930.57.7.417. Ther Umsch. 2000. PMID: 10953646 Review. German.
• The sleep-like nature of early mammalian behavioral rhythms: Theoretical comment on Todd et al. (2010).
  Corner MA. Corner MA. Behav Neurosci. 2010 Feb;124(1):175-178. doi: 10.1037/a0018483. Behav Neurosci. 2010. PMID: 20141294

Cited by

• Interacting circadian and homeostatic processes with opportunity cost: A mathematical model of sleep with application to two mammalian species.
  Cardon JH, Eide ER, Phillips KL, Showalter MH. Cardon JH, et al. PLoS One. 2018 Dec 12;13(12):e0208043. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208043. eCollection 2018. PLoS One. 2018. PMID: 30540805 Free PMC article.
• A Novel Continuously Recording Approach for Unraveling Ontogenetic Development of Sleep-Wake Cycle in Rats.
  Cui GF, Hou M, Shao YF, Chen HL, Gao JX, Xie JF, Chen YN, Cong CY, Dai FQ, Hou YP. Cui GF, et al. Front Neurol. 2019 Aug 13;10:873. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00873. eCollection 2019. Front Neurol. 2019. PMID: 31456739 Free PMC article.
• Neuromodulation and Behavioral Flexibility in Larval Zebrafish: From Neurotransmitters to Circuits.
  Corradi L, Filosa A. Corradi L, et al. Front Mol Neurosci. 2021 Jul 15;14:718951. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.718951. eCollection 2021. Front Mol Neurosci. 2021. PMID: 34335183 Free PMC article.
• Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Induced by Chronic Sleep Loss: Low-Grade Inflammation May Be the Link.
  Hurtado-Alvarado G, Domínguez-Salazar E, Pavon L, Velázquez-Moctezuma J, Gómez-González B. Hurtado-Alvarado G, et al. J Immunol Res. 2016;2016:4576012. doi: 10.1155/2016/4576012. Epub 2016 Sep 21. J Immunol Res. 2016. PMID: 27738642 Free PMC article. Review.
• Sleep alterations in mammals: did aquatic conditions inhibit rapid eye movement sleep?
  Madan V, Jha SK. Madan V, et al. Neurosci Bull. 2012 Dec;28(6):746-58. doi: 10.1007/s12264-012-1285-8. Epub 2012 Dec 7. Neurosci Bull. 2012. PMID: 23225315 Free PMC article. Review.

References

1. 1. Allison T et al. (1977) A behavioral and polygraphic study of sleep in the shrews Suncus murinus, Blarina brevicauda, and Cryptotis parva. Behav. Biol 20, 354–366 - PubMed
2. 1. Bergmann BM et al. (1987) Period-amplitude analysis of rat electroencephalogram: stage and diurnal variations and effects of suprachiasmatic nuclei lesions. Sleep 10, 523–536 - PubMed
3. 1. Borbely AA and Achermann P (2005) Sleep homeostasis and models of sleep regulation. In Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine (4th edn) (Kryger MH et al., eds), pp. 405–417, Elsevier Saunders
4. 1. Siegel JM (1990) Mechanisms of sleep control. J. Clin. Neurophysiol 7, 49–65 - PMC - PubMed
5. 1. Siegel JM (2005) REM sleep. In Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine (4th edn) (Kryger MH et al., eds), pp. 120–135, Elsevier Saunders

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

• R37 HL041370/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
• R01 NS014610/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
• HL41370/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
• NS14610/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
• R01 NS069640/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
• R01 MH064109/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
• R37 NS014610/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
• MH64109/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
• R01 HL041370/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • ClinicalKey
  • Elsevier Science
  • Europe PubMed Central
  • PubMed Central