Feedback regulation of opposing enzymes generates robust, all-or-none bistable responses - PubMed (original) (raw)

Feedback regulation of opposing enzymes generates robust, all-or-none bistable responses

James E Ferrell Jr. Curr Biol. 2008.

No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1

Schematic view of the reciprocal positive and double-negative feedback loops in the CDK1–Cdc25–Wee1 system.

Figure 2

Feedback regulation of opposing enzymes yields robust bistable responses. (A) No feedback loops. One enzyme activates A; a second inactivates it. The activation rate curve (blue) and the inactivation rate curve (red) intersect at a single point, which represents the stable steady state (SSS) of the system. (B) One feedback loop. We assume that A positively feeds back on its activator. The inactivation rate curve is unchanged (red), but now the activation rate rises and then falls as the activity of A increases (blue). If the rate constants and concentrations of the activator and inactivator are appropriately matched, the curves can intersect at three points. Two correspond to stable steady states (SSS) and one to an unstable steady state (USS). The dashed red lines depict the highest and lowest rate constants for the inactivation reaction compatible with bistability. (C) Two feedback loops. We assume that A activates its activator (blue curve) in a positive feedback loop, and inactivates its inactivator (red curve) in a negative feedback loop. The result is rate curves that are roughly mirror images of each other, and either curve can be stretched to a huge extent without eliminating the bistability. The equations upon which these plots are based are discussed qualitatively in the main text and are derived in the Supplemental Data, published with this article online.

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