Use of multiple doses of epinephrine in food-induced anaphylaxis in children - PubMed (original) (raw)
Use of multiple doses of epinephrine in food-induced anaphylaxis in children
Kirsi M Järvinen et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Jul.
Abstract
Background: Food allergy is the most common cause of anaphylaxis outside the hospital setting.
Objective: We sought to determine the rate, circumstances, and risk factors for repeated doses of epinephrine in the treatment of food-induced anaphylaxis in children.
Methods: Anonymous questionnaires were distributed to families of children with food allergies during allergy outpatient visits to a food allergy referral center. Demographic information, allergy and reaction history, and details regarding the last 2 anaphylactic reactions requiring epinephrine were collected.
Results: A total of 413 questionnaires were analyzed. Seventy-eight children (median, 4.5 years of age; range, 0.5-17.5 years) reported 95 reactions for which epinephrine was administered. Two doses were administered in 12 (13%) and 3 doses in an additional 6 (6%) reactions treated with epinephrine. Peanut, tree nuts, and cow's milk were responsible for >75% of reactions requiring epinephrine. Patients receiving multiple doses of epinephrine more often had asthma (P = .027) than children receiving a single dose. The amount of food ingested or a delay in the initial administration of epinephrine were not risk factors for receiving multiple doses. The second dose of epinephrine was administered by a health care professional in 94% of reactions.
Conclusion: In this referral population of children and adolescents with multiple food allergies, 19% of food-induced anaphylactic reactions were treated with more than 1 dose of epinephrine. Prospective studies are necessary to identify risk factors for severe anaphylaxis and to establish rational guidelines for prescribing multiple epinephrine autoinjectors for children with food allergy.
Comment in
- Automatic epinephrine device use in children with food allergies.
Arkwright PD. Arkwright PD. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Jan;123(1):267-8; author reply 268. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.035. Epub 2008 Oct 9. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009. PMID: 18845329 No abstract available.
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