Evidence for a frontoparietal control system revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity - PubMed (original) (raw)

Evidence for a frontoparietal control system revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity

Justin L Vincent et al. J Neurophysiol. 2008 Dec.

Erratum in

Abstract

Two functionally distinct, and potentially competing, brain networks have been recently identified that can be broadly distinguished by their contrasting roles in attention to the external world versus internally directed mentation involving long-term memory. At the core of these two networks are the dorsal attention system and the hippocampal-cortical memory system, a component of the brain's default network. Here spontaneous blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal correlations were used in three separate functional magnetic resonance imaging data sets (n = 105) to define a third system, the frontoparietal control system, which is spatially interposed between these two previously defined systems. The frontoparietal control system includes many regions identified as supporting cognitive control and decision-making processes including lateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior parietal lobule. Detailed analysis of frontal and parietal cortex, including use of high-resolution data, revealed clear evidence for contiguous but distinct regions: in general, the regions associated with the frontoparietal control system are situated between components of the dorsal attention and hippocampal-cortical memory systems. The frontoparietal control system is therefore anatomically positioned to integrate information from these two opposing brain systems.

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Figures

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Significant voxel-wise correlations in 10 humans associated with regions of interest in the right (A) and left (B) anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC). Regions are shown in red to the left of the statistical maps. C: conjunction map showing regions consistently correlated with both aPFC regions.

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

Significant spontaneous blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) correlations associated with seed regions in left middle temporal motion complex (MT+, A), aPFC (B), and the hippocampal formation (HF; C) in dataset 1 are displayed on the lateral and medial inflated surfaces of the left and right hemisphere. The seed regions used to compute the correlation maps are shown on coronal slices to the left of their associated functional correlation maps.

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3.

The anterior prefrontal cortex is functionally correlated with a lateral parietal region that is spatially interposed between functional correlations associated with the MT+ and the HF. Significant spontaneous BOLD correlations associated with seed regions in left MT+ (A, D, and G), aPFC (B, E, and H), and the HF (C, F, and I) in dataset 2 are displayed on the posterior-lateral inflated surface of the left hemisphere (A_–_C) and the flattened representation of the left (D_–_F) and right (G_–_I) hemispheres. Borders are drawn around the parietal correlations associated with each seed region. The colors magenta, yellow, and cyan correspond to MT+, aPFC, and HF parietal correlations, respectively. A directional compass and sulcal labels are provided for reference. G: medial (M), lateral (L), anterior (A), posterior (P), intraparietal sulcus (IPS), central sulcus (CS), sylvian fissure (SF).

FIG. 4.

FIG. 4.

Significant spontaneous BOLD correlations associated with seed regions in left superior parietal lobule (SPL, A), anterior inferior parietal lobule (aIPL, B), and posterior inferior parietal lobule (pIPL, C) in dataset 3 are displayed on the lateral and medial inflated surfaces of the left and right hemispheres. The seed regions used to compute the correlation maps are shown on coronal slices to the left of their associated functional correlation maps.

FIG. 5.

FIG. 5.

The aIPL is functionally correlated with a many regions in frontal cortex that are roughly spatially interposed between functional correlations associated with the SPL and the pIPL. Significant spontaneous BOLD correlations associated with seed regions in left SPL (A, D, G, and J), aIPL (B, E, H, and K), and the pIPL (C, F, I, and L) in dataset 3 are displayed on the anterior-lateral inflated surface of the left hemisphere (A_–_C), the anterior-medial surface of the left hemisphere (D_–_F), and the flattened representation of the left (G_–_I) and right (J_–_L) hemispheres. Borders are drawn around the frontal and insular correlations associated with each seed region. The colors magenta, yellow, and cyan correspond to SPL, aIPL, and pIPL parietal correlations, respectively. A directional compass is provided for reference.

FIG. 6.

FIG. 6.

Convergence analyses illustrate the cortical topography of regions that correlate with left MT+ complex (A), aPFC (B), and the left HF (C) across the three independent data sets. Convergent correlations are overlaid on axial slices of an average MNI atlas space template. The correlation with seed regions were identified at a threshold of P < 0.05 (multiple comparison corrected) in each of the 3 independent data sets. Voxels over threshold in 2 of 3 data sets are shown in red; 3 of 3 data sets are shown in yellow. MT+ convergence is observed in premotor cortex and MT+ extending along the intraparietal and superior parietal cortex to postcentral gyrus. aPFC convergence is observed in the anterior and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior inferior parietal lobule, anterior cingulate, and anterior insula. HF convergence is observed in the posterior inferior parietal lobule, ventral medial prefrontal, lateral temporal, as well as along the medial surface extending from the retrosplenial cortex into posterior cingulate.

FIG. 7.

FIG. 7.

Intrinsically defined dorsal attention (DAS), frontoparietal control (FPCS), and hippocampal-cortical memory (HCMS) systems and the overlap between them from dataset 3. Voxels in the DAS include regions correlated with MT+ and SPL and are shown in blue. Voxels in the FPCS include regions correlated with aPFC and aIPL and are shown in light green. Voxels in the HCMS include regions correlated with HF and pIPL and are shown in orange. Voxels significantly correlated with the DAS and FPCS are shown in red. Voxels significantly correlated with the HCMS and FPCS are shown in dark green. Data are displayed on the lateral, medial, and dorsal surfaces of the left and right hemispheres as well as MNI atlas space axial and sagittal slices.

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