In vitro kinetic analysis of fermentation of prebiotic inulin-type fructans by Bifidobacterium species reveals four different phenotypes - PubMed (original) (raw)
In vitro kinetic analysis of fermentation of prebiotic inulin-type fructans by Bifidobacterium species reveals four different phenotypes
Gwen Falony et al. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Jan.
Abstract
Kinetic analyses of bacterial growth, carbohydrate consumption, and metabolite production of 18 Bifidobacterium strains grown on fructose, oligofructose, or inulin were performed. A principal component analysis of the data sets, expanded with the results of a genetic screen concerning the presence of a beta-fructofuranosidase gene previously encountered in Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis DSM 10140(T), revealed the existence of four clusters among the bifidobacteria tested. Strains belonging to a first cluster could not degrade oligofructose or inulin. Strains in a second cluster could degrade oligofructose, displaying a preferential breakdown mechanism, but did not grow on inulin. Fructose consumption was faster than oligofructose degradation. A third cluster was composed of strains that degraded all oligofructose fractions simultaneously and could partially break down inulin. Oligofructose degradation was substantially faster than fructose consumption. A fourth, smaller cluster consisted of strains that shared high fructose consumption and oligofructose degradation rates and were able to perform partial breakdown of inulin. For all strains, a metabolic shift toward more acetate, formate, and ethanol production, at the expense of lactate production, was observed during growth on less readily fermentable energy sources. No correlation between breakdown patterns and the presence of the beta-fructofuranosidase gene could be detected. These variations indicate niche-specific adaptation of bifidobacteria and could have in vivo implications on the strain specificity of the stimulatory effect of inulin-type fructans on bifidobacteria.
Figures
FIG. 1.
Inulin-type fructan degradation fingerprint of Bifidobacterium adolescentis LMG 10734. Growth, carbohydrate consumption, and metabolite production in MCB supplemented with 50 mM FE of fructose (A), oligofructose (OraftiP95) (B), or inulin (OraftiHP) (C) are shown. ○, substrate (FE); ▪, acetate; □, lactate; ▵, formate; ▴, ethanol; •, growth. (D) Oligofructose degradation. F, fructose; G, glucose. (E) Qualitative inulin degradation. An HPAEC-PAD chromatogram is shown.
FIG. 2.
Inulin-type fructan degradation fingerprint of Bifidobacterium longum LMG 11570. Growth, carbohydrate consumption, and metabolite production in MCB supplemented with 50 mM FE of fructose (A), oligofructose (OraftiP95) (B), or inulin (OraftiHP) (C) are shown. ○, substrate (FE); ▪, acetate; □, lactate; ▵, formate; ▴, ethanol; •, growth. (D) Oligofructose degradation. F, fructose; G, glucose. (E) Qualitative inulin degradation. An HPAEC-PAD chromatogram is shown.
FIG. 3.
Three-dimensional score plot of a PCA of the data obtained from the inulin-type fructan degradation fingerprints of 18 Bifidobacterium strains. Dots: 1, B. adolescentis LMG 10502T; 2, B. adolescentis LMG 10733; 3, B. adolescentis LMG 10734; 4, B. angulatum LMG 11039T; 5, B. bifidum DSM 20082; 6, B. bifidum LMG 11583; 7, B. breve LMG 11040; 8, B. breve LMG 13194; 9, B. breve Yakult; 10, B. catenulatum LMG 11043T; 11, B. dentium LMG 10507; 12, B. gallicum LMG 11596T; 13, B. longum LMG 11047; 14, B. longum LMG 11570; 15, B. longum LMG 11588; 16, B. longum LMG 13196; 17, B. pseudocatenulatum LMG 10505T; 18, B. thermophilum LMG 11574.
FIG. 4.
Dendrogram representing cluster analysis by the unweighted-pair group method using average linkages, based on Euclidian distance, after PCA of the data obtained from the inulin-type fructan degradation fingerprints of 18 Bifidobacterium strains.
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