Effects of novel capsinoid treatment on fatness and energy metabolism in humans: possible pharmacogenetic implications - PubMed (original) (raw)

Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of novel capsinoid treatment on fatness and energy metabolism in humans: possible pharmacogenetic implications

Soren Snitker et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Capsinoids from the Capsicum genus of plants are nonpungent capsaicin-related substances with effects on metabolism and body weight in animals.

Objectives: Our objectives were to explore the safety and efficacy of capsinoids taken orally (6 mg/d) for weight loss, fat loss, and change in metabolism and to examine whether candidate genes are predictors of capsinoid response.

Design: This was a 12-wk, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study. Eligibility criteria included a body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) of 25-35. Body weight was measured, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, indirect calorimetry (men only), and genotyping were conducted.

Results: Forty women and 40 men with a mean (+/- SD) age of 42 +/- 8 y and BMI of 30.4 +/- 2.4 were randomly assigned to a capsinoid or placebo group. Capsinoids were well tolerated. Mean (+/- SD) weight change was 0.9 +/- 3.1 and 0.5 +/- 2.4 kg in the capsinoid and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.86). There was no significant group difference in total change in adiposity, but abdominal adiposity decreased more (P = 0.049) in the capsinoid group (-1.11 +/- 1.83%) than in the placebo group (-0.18 +/- 1.94%), and this change correlated with the change in body weight (r = 0.46, P < 0.0001). Changes in resting energy expenditure did not differ significantly between groups, but fat oxidation was higher at the end of the study in the capsinoid group (least-squares mean difference: 21.0 mg/min; P = 0.06). Of 13 genetic variants tested, TRPV1 Val585Ile and UCP2 -866 G/A correlated significantly with change in abdominal adiposity.

Conclusions: Treatment with 6 mg/d capsinoids orally appeared to be safe and was associated with abdominal fat loss. Capsinoid ingestion was associated with an increase in fat oxidation that was nearly significant. We identified 2 common genetic variants that may be predictors of therapeutic response.

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Figures

FIGURE 1

FIGURE 1

Mean (± SE) changes in body weight (BW) from baseline. n = 37 (capsinoids week 0), 33 (capsinoids week 4), 31 (capsinoids weeks 8 and 12), 38 (placebo weeks 0 and 4), 37 (placebo week 8), and 36 (placebo week 12). P = 0.86 for group difference at 12 wk by ANCOVA, adjusted for baseline.

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 2

Mean (± SE) changes in overall fat and abdominal fat from baseline in the placebo (n = 36) and capsinoid (n = 31) groups. P = 0.67 (overall fat) and *P = 0.049 (abdominal fat) for group difference by ANCOVA, adjusted for baseline.

FIGURE 3

FIGURE 3

Correlation between change in body weight determined by weighing and abdominal fatness determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the capsinoid group (solid diamonds; n = 31) and the placebo group (open diamonds; n = 36); r = 0.46, P < 0.0001. The correlation was robust to the removal of the 2 subjects who lost >10 kg body weight (r = 0.29, P = 0.02).

FIGURE 4

FIGURE 4

Least-squares mean (± SE) changes in resting energy expenditure (REE) and in fat oxidation from baseline in the placebo (n = 16) and capsinoid (n =15) groups. P = 0.19 (REE) and *P = 0.06 (fat oxidation) for group difference by ANCOVA, adjusted for baseline.

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