Appearance of peripheral blood plasma cells and memory B cells in a primary and secondary immune response in humans - PubMed (original) (raw)

Appearance of peripheral blood plasma cells and memory B cells in a primary and secondary immune response in humans

Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner et al. Blood. 2009.

Abstract

In humans, the kinetics of the appearance of memory B cells and plasma cells during primary immunization are not well defined. In this study, we assessed the primary B-cell response of rabies-antigen naive volunteers during a 3-dose course of rabies vaccine compared with the B-cell response to a booster dose of rabies vaccine given to previously immunized volunteers. After a single dose of vaccine, in the naive group plasma and memory B cells appeared later (peak at day 10) than in the primed group (peak at day 7) and were at lower frequency. The most rapid responses (day 4) were detected after a third immunization in the naive group. This is the first study to document the detailed kinetics of the plasma cell and memory B-cell responses to immunization in adult humans and to demonstrate differences in the responses that relate to the preexisting immune status of the persons.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Rabies-specific IgG, IgA, IgM plasma-cell and IgG memory B-cell responses after immunization of naive and immune volunteers. The naive volunteers (left) were immunized at days 0, 28, and 56, and the frequencies of rabies IgG- (A), IgA- (B), and IgM-specific (C) plasma cells (PCs) and IgG memory B-cells (MCs; D) were measured at various days after the first and third doses of immunization. The immune volunteers (right) were immunized at day 0, and the frequencies of rabies IgG- (E), IgA- (F), IgM-specific PCs (G), and IgG MCs (H) were measured at various days after immunization. The horizontal bars represent the median number of specific antibody-secreting cells at each time point. The minimum sensitivity of the assay is plotted as a broken line on the graphs for each figure. The zero values were assigned a value of 1 for illustrative purposes. The magnitude of the IgG PC response after booster immunization in the immune group was greater than after primary and tertiary immunization in the naive group. However, the magnitude of the IgG MC response after booster immunization in the immune group was greater than after primary and secondary immunization but not tertiary immunization.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Rabies-specific IgG, IgA, and IgM Ab responses to immunization with rabies vaccine in naive and immune volunteers. The naive volunteers (left) were immunized at days 0, 28, and 56, and the concentration of rabies-specific IgG- (A), IgA- (B), and IgM-specific Ab (C) concentration was measured at various days after the first and third doses of immunization. The immune volunteers (right) were immunized at day 0, and the frequencies of rabies IgG- (D), IgA- (E), and IgM-specific (F) Ab were measured at various days after immunization. The horizontal bars represent the geometric mean concentration at each time point. The broken line represents the World Health Organization IgG seroconversion level of 0.5 IU/mL. The magnitude of the IgG Ab response after booster immunization in the immune group was greater than after primary, secondary, and tertiary immunization in the naive group.

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