Soft drink and juice consumption and risk of physician-diagnosed incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2010 Mar 15;171(6):701-8.

doi: 10.1093/aje/kwp452. Epub 2010 Feb 16.

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Soft drink and juice consumption and risk of physician-diagnosed incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study

Andrew O Odegaard et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2010.

Abstract

Soft drinks and other sweetened beverages may contribute to risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, research has not addressed higher risk and Asian populations. The authors examined the association between soft drinks and juice and the risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese Singaporeans enrolled in a prospective cohort study of 43,580 participants aged 45-74 years and free of diabetes and other chronic diseases at baseline. The incidence of physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes was assessed by interview and validated; 2,273 participants developed diabetes during follow-up. After adjustment for potential lifestyle and dietary confounders, participants consuming > or =2 soft drinks per week had a relative risk of type 2 diabetes of 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25, 1.62) compared with those who rarely consumed soft drinks. Similarly, consumption of > or =2 juice beverages per week was associated with an increased risk (relative risk (RR) = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.58). The association was modified by 5-year weight gain for > or =2 soft drinks per week among those who gained > or =3 kg (RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.16) compared with those who gained less weight (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.41). Relatively frequent intake of soft drinks and juice is associated with an increased risk for development of type 2 diabetes in Chinese men and women.

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Figures

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Mean weight change by soft drink intake category in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, 1993–2004. Results were adjusted for age, sex, dialect, year of interview, person-years, education, smoking, alcohol, body mass index, and total intakes (g/day) of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meat, candy, and desserts, as well as dietary fiber, saturated fat, juice, and coffee. Bars represent the standard error of the estimated mean weight change between the baseline and follow-up interviews. The mean follow-up time was 5.7 years.

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Relative risks of type 2 diabetes by soft drink intake stratified by follow-up time weight change status in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, 1993–2004. Results were adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary characteristics plus body mass index and energy intake. The mean follow-up time was 5.7 years. A 3.0-kg or greater weight gain represents the top quarter of weight gain in the population and corresponds to 11,922 participants and 596 diabetes cases.

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