Brain and high metabolic rate organ mass: contributions to resting energy expenditure beyond fat-free mass - PubMed (original) (raw)

Brain and high metabolic rate organ mass: contributions to resting energy expenditure beyond fat-free mass

Fahad Javed et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Apr.

Abstract

Background: The degree to which interindividual variation in the mass of select high metabolic rate organs (HMROs) mediates variability in resting energy expenditure (REE) is unknown.

Objective: The objective was to investigate how much REE variability is explained by differences in HMRO mass in adults and whether age, sex, and race independently predict REE after adjustment for HMRO.

Design: A cross-sectional evaluation of 55 women [30 African Americans aged 48.7 +/- 22.2 y (mean +/- SD) and 25 whites aged 46.4 +/- 17.7 y] and 32 men (8 African Americans aged 34.3 +/- 18.2 y and 24 whites aged 51.3 +/- 20.6 y) was conducted. Liver, kidney, spleen, heart, and brain masses were measured by magnetic resonance imaging, and fat and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. REE was measured by indirect calorimetry.

Results: REE estimated from age (P = 0.001), race (P = 0.006), sex (P = 0.31), fat (P = 0.001), and FFM (P < 0.001) accounted for 70% (adjusted (2)) of the variability in REE. The addition of trunk HMRO (P = 0.001) and brain (P = 0.006) to the model increased the explained variance to 75% and rendered the contributions of age, sex, and race statistically nonsignificant, whereas fat and FFM continued to make significant contributions (both P < 0.05). The addition of brain to the model rendered the intercept (69 kcal . kg(-1) . d(-1)) consistent with zero, which indicated zero REE for zero body mass.

Conclusions: Relatively small interindividual variation in HMRO mass significantly affects REE and reduces the role of age, race, and sex in explaining REE. Decreases in REE with increasing age may be partly related to age-associated changes in the relative size of FFM components.

PubMed Disclaimer

Cited by

Ingestion of triglycerides containing medium- and long-chain fatty acids can increase metabolism of ingested long-chain triglycerides in overweight persons.
Nosaka N, Tsujino S, Sadamitsu S, Ando N, Kato K. Nosaka N, et al. Front Nutr. 2023 Nov 16;10:1260506. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1260506. eCollection 2023. Front Nutr. 2023. PMID: 38045811 Free PMC article.
Aging, oxidative stress and degenerative diseases: mechanisms, complications and emerging therapeutic strategies.
Chaudhary MR, Chaudhary S, Sharma Y, Singh TA, Mishra AK, Sharma S, Mehdi MM. Chaudhary MR, et al. Biogerontology. 2023 Oct;24(5):609-662. doi: 10.1007/s10522-023-10050-1. Epub 2023 Jul 30. Biogerontology. 2023. PMID: 37516673 Review.
Fat-free mass and resting metabolic rate are determinants of energy intake: implications for a theory of appetite control.
Hopkins M, Gibbons C, Blundell J. Hopkins M, et al. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2023 Sep 11;378(1885):20220213. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0213. Epub 2023 Jul 24. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2023. PMID: 37482777 Free PMC article. Review.
The Emerging Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies.
Gonzalez-Chapa JA, Macêdo MB, Lood C. Gonzalez-Chapa JA, et al. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2023 Apr 30;14(2):e0006. doi: 10.5041/RMMJ.10493. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2023. PMID: 37116066 Free PMC article. Review.
Association between dietary patterns and body composition in normal-weight subjects with metabolic syndrome.
Rashidmayvan M, Sharifan P, Darroudi S, Saffar Soflaei S, Salaribaghoonabad R, Safari N, Yousefi M, Honari M, Ghazizadeh H, Ferns G, Esmaily H, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Rashidmayvan M, et al. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2022 May 28;21(1):735-741. doi: 10.1007/s40200-022-01043-x. eCollection 2022 Jun. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2022. PMID: 35673495 Free PMC article.

References

1. Elia M. Organ and tissue contribution to metabolic rate. Kinney JM, Tucker HN, Energy metabolism: tissue determinants and cellular corollaries. New York, NY: Raven Press, Ltd, 1992:61–79
1. Gallagher D, Albu J, He Q, et al. Small organs with a high metabolic rate explain lower resting energy expenditure in African American than in white adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83:1062–7 - PMC - PubMed
1. Gallagher D, Belmonte D, Deurenberg P, et al. Organ-tissue mass measurement allows modeling of REE and metabolically active tissue mass. Am J Physiol 1998;275:E249–58 - PubMed
1. Grande F. Energy expenditure of organs and tissues. Kinney JM, Assessment of energy metabolism in health and disease. Columbus, OH: Ross Laboratories, 1980:88–92
1. Owen OE, Smalley KJ, D'Alessio DA, et al. Resting metabolic rate and body composition of achondroplastic dwarfs. Medicine (Baltimore) 1990;69:56–67 - PubMed

Brain and high metabolic rate organ mass: contributions to resting energy expenditure beyond fat-free mass - PubMed (original) (raw)