Sex chromosome evolution in lizards: independent origins and rapid transitions - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
doi: 10.1159/000300507. Epub 2010 Mar 23.
Affiliations
- PMID: 20332599
- DOI: 10.1159/000300507
Review
Sex chromosome evolution in lizards: independent origins and rapid transitions
T Ezaz et al. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2009.
Abstract
Reptiles epitomize the variability of reproductive and sex determining modes and mechanisms among amniotes. These modes include gonochorism (separate sexes) and parthenogenesis, oviparity, viviparity, and ovoviviparity, genotypic sex determination (GSD) with male (XX/XY) and female (ZZ/ZW) heterogamety and temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Lizards (order Squamata, suborder Sauria) are particularly fascinating because the distribution of sex-determining mechanisms shows no clear phylogenetic segregation. This implies that there have been multiple transitions between TSD and GSD, and between XY and ZW sex chromosome systems. Approximately 1,000 species of lizards have been karyotyped and among those, fewer than 200 species have sex chromosomes, yet they display remarkable diversity in morphology and degree of degeneration. The high diversity of sex chromosomes as well as the presence of species with TSD, imply multiple and independent origins of sex chromosomes, and suggest that the mechanisms of sex determination are extremely labile in lizards. In this paper, we review the current state of knowledge of sex chromosomes in lizards and the distribution of sex determining mechanisms and sex chromosome forms within and among families. We establish for the first time an association between the occurrence of female heterogamety and TSD within lizard families, and propose mechanisms by which female heterogamety and TSD may have co-evolved. We suggest that lizard sex determination may be much more the result of an interplay between sex chromosomes and temperature than previously thought, such that the sex determination mode is influenced by the nature of heterogamety as well as temperature sensitivity and the stage of sex chromosome degeneration.
Copyright 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Similar articles
- Temperature sex reversal implies sex gene dosage in a reptile.
Quinn AE, Georges A, Sarre SD, Guarino F, Ezaz T, Graves JA. Quinn AE, et al. Science. 2007 Apr 20;316(5823):411. doi: 10.1126/science.1135925. Science. 2007. PMID: 17446395 - Environmental versus genetic sex determination: a possible factor in dinosaur extinction?
Miller D, Summers J, Silber S. Miller D, et al. Fertil Steril. 2004 Apr;81(4):954-64. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.09.051. Fertil Steril. 2004. PMID: 15066448 Review. - Extension, single-locus conversion and physical mapping of sex chromosome sequences identify the Z microchromosome and pseudo-autosomal region in a dragon lizard, Pogona vitticeps.
Quinn AE, Ezaz T, Sarre SD, Graves JM, Georges A. Quinn AE, et al. Heredity (Edinb). 2010 Apr;104(4):410-7. doi: 10.1038/hdy.2009.133. Epub 2009 Oct 7. Heredity (Edinb). 2010. PMID: 19812616 - Lizards as Model Organisms of Sex Chromosome Evolution: What We Really Know from a Systematic Distribution of Available Data?
Mezzasalma M, Guarino FM, Odierna G. Mezzasalma M, et al. Genes (Basel). 2021 Aug 28;12(9):1341. doi: 10.3390/genes12091341. Genes (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34573323 Free PMC article. Review. - Novel evolutionary pathways of sex-determining mechanisms.
Schwanz LE, Ezaz T, Gruber B, Georges A. Schwanz LE, et al. J Evol Biol. 2013 Dec;26(12):2544-57. doi: 10.1111/jeb.12258. Epub 2013 Oct 11. J Evol Biol. 2013. PMID: 24118347
Cited by
- MicrosatNavigator: exploring nonrandom distribution and lineage-specificity of microsatellite repeat motifs on vertebrate sex chromosomes across 186 whole genomes.
Rasoarahona R, Wattanadilokchatkun P, Panthum T, Jaisamut K, Lisachov A, Thong T, Singchat W, Ahmad SF, Han K, Kraichak E, Muangmai N, Koga A, Duengkae P, Antunes A, Srikulnath K. Rasoarahona R, et al. Chromosome Res. 2023 Sep 30;31(4):29. doi: 10.1007/s10577-023-09738-4. Chromosome Res. 2023. PMID: 37775555 - Chromosome evolution in Iberolacerta, a genus that deviates from the standard karyotype formula of Lacertidae.
Naveira H, Rojo V, Gómez-Seoane I, Ferguson-Smith MA, Pereira JC, Martínez-Lage A. Naveira H, et al. Genetica. 2023 Oct;151(4-5):267-279. doi: 10.1007/s10709-023-00194-w. Epub 2023 Sep 1. Genetica. 2023. PMID: 37656321 Free PMC article. - Divergent evolution of genetic sex determination mechanisms along environmental gradients.
Schenkel MA, Billeter JC, Beukeboom LW, Pen I. Schenkel MA, et al. Evol Lett. 2023 Apr 1;7(3):132-147. doi: 10.1093/evlett/qrad011. eCollection 2023 Jun. Evol Lett. 2023. PMID: 37251583 Free PMC article. - Context-dependent thermolability of sex determination in a lacertid lizard with heteromorphic sex chromosomes.
Hansson A, Wapstra E, While GM, Lindsay WR, Olsson M. Hansson A, et al. Biol Open. 2023 May 15;12(5):bio059967. doi: 10.1242/bio.059967. Epub 2023 May 16. Biol Open. 2023. PMID: 37191107 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources