Piwi positive cells that line the vasculature epithelium, underlie whole body regeneration in a basal chordate - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2010 Sep 1;345(1):94-104.

doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.500. Epub 2010 May 27.

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Piwi positive cells that line the vasculature epithelium, underlie whole body regeneration in a basal chordate

Yuval Rinkevich et al. Dev Biol. 2010.

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Abstract

The colonial tunicate Botrylloides leachi can regenerate functional adults from minute vasculature fragments, in a poorly understood phenomenon termed Whole Body Regeneration (WBR). Using Piwi expression (Bl-Piwi), blood cell labeling and electron microscopy, we show that WBR develops through activation, mobilization and expansion of 'dormant' cells which normally line the internal vasculature epithelium of blood vessels. Following a mechanical insult, these cells express Bl-Piwi de novo, change morphology and invade niches of the vasculature lumen, where they proliferate and differentiate, regenerating a functional organism. Mitomycin C treatments and siRNA knockdown of Bl-Piwi result in deficient cells incapable of expanding or differentiating and to subsequent regeneration arrest. Last, we find similar transient mobilization of Piwi(+) cells recurring every week, as part of normal colony development, and also during acute environmental stress. This recurrent activation of Piwi(+) cells in response to developmental, physiological and environmental insults may have enabled the adaptation of colonial tunicates to the imposed varied conditions in the marine, shallow water environment.

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