Chronic shedders as reservoir for nosocomial transmission of norovirus - PubMed (original) (raw)

Chronic shedders as reservoir for nosocomial transmission of norovirus

Faizel H A Sukhrie et al. J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Nov.

Abstract

Norovirus (NoV) infection in immunocompromised patients may lead to prolonged norovirus shedding. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of three chronic shedders in hospital outbreaks. Combined epidemiological and molecular evidence suggests that in one case, NoV transmission occurred at least 17 days after the first diagnosis.

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Figures

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Phylogenetic tree (TREECON for Windows) representing the sequences of the P2 domain of the GII.3 strains (left), analyzed with the neighbor-joining method followed by bootstrap analysis using 100 pseudoreplicates. Each strain is labeled with the patient identification code and XX-YYYY/Z, where XX is the year (e.g., 07 is 2007), YYYY is the unique case code, and Z is the time of diagnosis by the number of days after admission. At the right, the transmission scheme of cluster 3 is shown. In this scheme, detailed information describing the admission times and locations of the patients involved in the outbreak with patient 8 are shown. The chronically infected patients included in this tree are patients 1, 5, and 8. The colors (green, blue, and light blue) in the scheme indicate different departments where the patients were localized during their admission; gray indicates that the patient was discharged from the hospital. The black diagonal slashes show the sampling points during admission, while the sharp black arrow with a question mark indicates that no admission and discharge information was available. The blunt black arrow shows the admission date of NT23 (almost 2 months before that of chronic patient 8). The asterisk indicates that there was not enough sample (feces) available to perform norovirus diagnosis, while the patient had diarrhea or symptoms.

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