Deriving the aquatic predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) of three chlorophenols for the Taihu Lake, China - PubMed (original) (raw)
Deriving the aquatic predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) of three chlorophenols for the Taihu Lake, China
Bing L Lei et al. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2010 Dec.
Abstract
The Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) is a key for ecological risk assessment. In this paper, the aquatic species existing widely in the Taihu Lake were selected, and their toxicity data to 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) were collected. The PNECs of 2,4-DCP; 2,4,6-TCP; and PCP were derived using three different approaches, i.e., the assessment factor (AF), species sensitivity distribution (SSD) as well as an eco-toxicological model (AQUATOX). As the results, PNEC(AF)s were 2.18 μg L(-1), 2.53 μg L(-1) and 0.26 μg L(-1), and PNEC(SSD)s were 77 μg L(-1), 197 μg L(-1) and 10 μg L(-1), respectively for 2,4-DCP; 2,4,6-TCP; and PCP respectively. Based on the aquatic conditions of the Taihu Lake, the derived site-specific PNEC(AQUATOX)s were 15 μg L(-1), 67 μg L(-1) and 4 μg L(-1), respectively. In general, the PNECs for three chlorophenols derived from different approaches followed the declined order of PNEC(SSD) > PNEC(AQUATOX) > PNEC(AF). The ratios of PNEC(AF) to PNEC(SSD) and PNEC(AQUATOX) to PNEC(SSD) for three chlorophenols were 0.013-0.028 and 0.19-0.4, respectively. It indicated that PNECs obtained using different approaches may vary and the one based on the AF was the lowest. Therefore, PNEC(AF) can be seen as overprotective. The PNEC(AQUATOX) values for three chlorophenols were less than the corresponding PNEC(SSD) values, mostly because the indirect effects were considered in the ecological model.
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