Piper sarmentosum enhances fracture healing in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats: a radiological study - PubMed (original) (raw)

Piper sarmentosum enhances fracture healing in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats: a radiological study

Mohamed Abdalla Estai et al. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011.

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporotic fractures are common during osteoporotic states. Piper sarmentosum extract is known to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objectives: To observe the radiological changes in fracture calluses following administration of a Piper sarmentosum extract during an estrogen-deficient state.

Methods: A total of 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups: (i) the sham-operated group; (ii) the ovariectomized-control group; (iii) the ovariectomized + estrogen-replacement therapy (ovariectomized-control + estrogen replacement therapy) group, which was supplemented with estrogen (100 μg/kg/day); and (iv) the ovariectomized + Piper sarmentosum (ovariectomized + Piper sarmentosum) group, which was supplemented with a water-based Piper sarmentosum extract (125 mg/kg). Six weeks after an ovariectomy, the right femora were fractured at the mid-diaphysis, and a K-wire was inserted. Each group of rats received their respective treatment for 6 weeks. Following sacrifice, the right femora were subjected to radiological assessment.

Results: The mean axial callus volume was significantly higher in the ovariectomized-control group (68.2 ± 11.74 mm³) than in the sham-operated, estrogen-replacement-therapy and Piper sarmentosum groups (20.4 ± 4.05, 22.4 ± 4.14 and 17.5 ± 3.68 mm³, respectively). The median callus scores for the sham-operated, estrogen-replacement-therapy and Piper sarmentosum groups had median (range, minimum - maximum value) as 1.0 (0 - 2), 1.0 (1 - 2) and 1.0 (1 - 2), respectively, which were significantly lower than the ovariectomized-control group score of 2.0 (2 - 3). The median fracture scores for the sham-operated, estrogen-replacement-therapy and Piper sarmentosum groups were 3.0 (3 - 4), 3.0 (2 - 3) and 3.0 (2 - 3), respectively, which were significantly higher than the ovariectomized-control group score of 2.0 (1 - 2) (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The Piper sarmentosum extract improved fracture healing, as assessed by the reduced callus volumes and reduced callus scores. This extract is beneficial for fractures in osteoporotic states.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

A photograph of the guillotine fracture device.

Figure 2

Figure 2

A CT scan of an unfractured area of a femur (A) and a fractured callused area of the femur (B).

Figure 3

Figure 3

The mean callus axial volume after six weeks of treatment following the fracture of the right femora. *Significantly different compared to the OVXC group (p<0.05). Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM.

Figure 4

Figure 4

Right femur samples harvested after sacrifice. Morphologically, the callus the OVXC sample (B) is large and mainly composed of soft callus. In the SO (A), OVX+ERT (C) and OVX+ P.s. (D) femora, the callus sizes were similar and mainly composed of mature bone.

Figure 5

Figure 5

Plain radiographic images after sacrifice. The OVXC (B) femur shows an existing fracture line with delayed fracture healing. In the SO (A), OVX+ERT (C), and OVX+P.s. (D) femora, the fracture lines were nearly undetectable, with good fracture bridging. The arrows indicate the fracture area.

Similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Schuit SCE, van der Klift M, Weel AEAM, de Laet CEDH, Burger H, Seeman E, et al. Fracture incidence and association with bone mineral density in elderly men and women: the Rotterdam Study. Bone. 2004;34:195–202. <10.1016/j.bone.2003.10.001> - DOI - PubMed
    1. Melton Iii LJ. Adverse outcomes of osteoporotic fractures in the general population. J Bone Miner Res. 2003;18:1139–41. <10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.6.1139> - DOI - PubMed
    1. Frost HM, Jee WSS. On the rat model of human osteopenias and osteoporoses. Bone Miner. 1992;18:227–36. <10.1016/0169-6009%2892%2990809-R> - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sartori AR, Moreira JA, Santos AMM, Cintra DEC, Sartori LR, Barauna MA, et al. Bone repair process in normal and osteopenic female rats' tibiae: a comparative study. Acta Ortop Bras. 2008;16:37–40. <10.1590/S1413-78522008000100007> - DOI
    1. Kubo T, Shiga T, Hashimoto J, Yoshioka M, Honjo H, Urabe M, et al. Osteoporosis influences the late period of fracture healing in a rat model prepared by ovariectomy and low calcium diet. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1999;68:197–202. <10.1016/S0960-0760%2899%2900032-1> - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources