Triglyceride to HDL-C ratio and increased arterial stiffness in children, adolescents, and young adults - PubMed (original) (raw)

Triglyceride to HDL-C ratio and increased arterial stiffness in children, adolescents, and young adults

Elaine M Urbina et al. Pediatrics. 2013 Apr.

Erratum in

Abstract

Background and objective: Lipid levels are linked to early atherosclerosis. Risk stratification may be improved by using triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), which relates to arterial stiffness in adults. We tested whether TG/HDL-C was an independent predictor of arterial stiffness in youth.

Methods: Subjects 10 to 26 years old (mean 18.9 years, 39% male, 56% non-Caucasian, n = 893) had laboratory, anthropometric, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness data collected (brachial distensibility, augmentation index, carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity). Subjects were stratified into tertiles of TG/HDL-C (low, n = 227; mid, n = 288; high, n = 379).

Results: There was a progressive rise in cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and arterial stiffness across TG/HDL-C ratio. The high TG/HDL-C ratio group had the stiffest vessels (all P < .03 by analysis of variance). TG/HDL-C as a continuous variable was an independent determinant of brachial distensibility in CV risk factor adjusted model and for carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity in obese subjects, with trend for higher augmentation index.

Conclusions: TG/HDL-C, an estimate of small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is an independent determinant of arterial stiffness in adolescents and young adults, especially in obese youth. These data suggest that use of TG/HDL-C may be helpful in identifying young adults requiring aggressive intervention to prevent atherosclerotic CV diseases.

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Figures

FIGURE 1

FIGURE 1

Mean AIx (solid line) and 95% confidence interval (dashed lines) by log TG/HDL-C stratified by BMI _z_-score group (lean = black, overweight/obese = gray). There is no significant increase across TG/HDL-C ratio regardless of BMI.

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 2

Mean BrachD (solid line) and 95% confidence interval (dashed lines) by log TG/HDL-C stratified by BMI _z_-score group (lean = black, overweight/obese = gray). The decline in BrachD by TG/HDL-C is steeper in the obese group (P ≤ .04).

FIGURE 3

FIGURE 3

Mean PWV (solid line) and 95% confidence interval (dashed lines) by log TG/HDL-C stratified by BMI _z_-score group (lean = black, overweight/obese = gray). The increase in PWV by TG/HDL-C is higher in the obese group (P ≤ .006).

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