Improvements in exercise performance with high-intensity interval training coincide with an increase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and function - PubMed (original) (raw)
. 2013 Sep;115(6):785-93.
doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00445.2013. Epub 2013 Jun 20.
Affiliations
- PMID: 23788574
- DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00445.2013
Free article
Improvements in exercise performance with high-intensity interval training coincide with an increase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and function
Robert Acton Jacobs et al. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2013 Sep.
Free article
Abstract
Six sessions of high-intensity interval training (HIT) are sufficient to improve exercise capacity. The mechanisms explaining such improvements are unclear. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive evaluation of physiologically relevant adaptations occurring after six sessions of HIT to determine the mechanisms explaining improvements in exercise performance. Sixteen untrained (43 ± 6 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)) subjects completed six sessions of repeated (8-12) 60 s intervals of high-intensity cycling (100% peak power output elicited during incremental maximal exercise test) intermixed with 75 s of recovery cycling at a low intensity (30 W) over a 2-wk period. Potential training-induced alterations in skeletal muscle respiratory capacity, mitochondrial content, skeletal muscle oxygenation, cardiac capacity, blood volumes, and peripheral fatigue resistance were all assessed prior to and again following training. Maximal measures of oxygen uptake (Vo2peak; ∼8%; P = 0.026) and cycling time to complete a set amount of work (∼5%; P = 0.008) improved. Skeletal muscle respiratory capacities increased, most likely as a result of an expansion of skeletal muscle mitochondria (∼20%, P = 0.026), as assessed by cytochrome c oxidase activity. Skeletal muscle deoxygenation also increased while maximal cardiac output, total hemoglobin, plasma volume, total blood volume, and relative measures of peripheral fatigue resistance were all unaltered with training. These results suggest that increases in mitochondrial content following six HIT sessions may facilitate improvements in respiratory capacity and oxygen extraction, and ultimately are responsible for the improvements in maximal whole body exercise capacity and endurance performance in previously untrained individuals.
Keywords: HIT; interval training; mitochondria; oxygen extraction; sprint training.
Similar articles
- Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans.
Burgomaster KA, Hughes SC, Heigenhauser GJ, Bradwell SN, Gibala MJ. Burgomaster KA, et al. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Jun;98(6):1985-90. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01095.2004. Epub 2005 Feb 10. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005. PMID: 15705728 Clinical Trial. - A practical model of low-volume high-intensity interval training induces mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle: potential mechanisms.
Little JP, Safdar A, Wilkin GP, Tarnopolsky MA, Gibala MJ. Little JP, et al. J Physiol. 2010 Mar 15;588(Pt 6):1011-22. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.181743. Epub 2010 Jan 25. J Physiol. 2010. PMID: 20100740 Free PMC article. - Adaptations of skeletal muscle mitochondria to exercise training.
Lundby C, Jacobs RA. Lundby C, et al. Exp Physiol. 2016 Jan;101(1):17-22. doi: 10.1113/EP085319. Epub 2015 Nov 17. Exp Physiol. 2016. PMID: 26440213 Review. - Principles of exercise physiology: responses to acute exercise and long-term adaptations to training.
Rivera-Brown AM, Frontera WR. Rivera-Brown AM, et al. PM R. 2012 Nov;4(11):797-804. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.10.007. PM R. 2012. PMID: 23174541 Review.
Cited by
- From Tissue to System: What Constitutes an Appropriate Response to Loading?
Gabbett TJ, Oetter E. Gabbett TJ, et al. Sports Med. 2024 Nov 11. doi: 10.1007/s40279-024-02126-w. Online ahead of print. Sports Med. 2024. PMID: 39527327 Review. - The effects of endurance training on muscle oxygen desaturation during incremental exercise tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yogev A, Arnold JI, Nelson H, Rosenblat MA, Clarke DC, Guenette JA, Sporer BC, Koehle MS. Yogev A, et al. Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Oct 24;6:1406987. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1406987. eCollection 2024. Front Sports Act Living. 2024. PMID: 39512668 Free PMC article. - Pi-based biochemical mechanism of endurance-training-induced improvement of running performance in humans.
Korzeniewski B. Korzeniewski B. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2024 Sep 17. doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05560-w. Online ahead of print. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2024. PMID: 39287637 - Biological sex does not influence the peak cardiac output response to twelve weeks of sprint interval training.
Bostad W, Williams JS, Van Berkel EK, Richards DL, MacDonald MJ, Gibala MJ. Bostad W, et al. Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 27;13(1):22995. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50016-4. Sci Rep. 2023. PMID: 38151488 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous