Effect of smoking on outcomes of urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review of the literature - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
Effect of smoking on outcomes of urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review of the literature
Joseph J Crivelli et al. Eur Urol. 2014 Apr.
Abstract
Context: Cigarette smoking is the best-established risk factor for urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, the effect of smoking on outcomes of UC patients remains debated.
Objective: To integrate the available evidence regarding the impact of smoking status and smoking exposure on recurrence, progression, cancer-specific mortality, and any-cause mortality in patients with UC of the bladder (UCB) and upper tract UC (UTUC) treated with transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB), radical cystectomy (RC), or radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).
Evidence acquisition: A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases, which was limited to articles published in English between January 1974 and March 2013. Articles were also extracted from the reference lists of identified studies and reviews. We selected 29 articles (15 TURB, 7 RC, and 7 RNU) according to predefined inclusion criteria and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.
Evidence synthesis: The majority of studies demonstrated an association with disease recurrence in patients treated with TURB, while evidence for associations with disease progression, cancer-specific mortality, and any-cause mortality was less abundant. While two studies showed no association of smoking with outcomes of T1 UCB, there was mixed evidence for an association of smoking with response to intravesical therapy. For patients treated with RC, there was minimal support for an association of smoking with all outcomes. In a majority of studies of patients receiving RNU for UTUC, smoking was associated with intravesical recurrence, disease recurrence, cancer-specific mortality, and any-cause mortality. There was also evidence for a beneficial effect of smoking cessation on UC prognosis. Finally, findings regarding gender-specific effects of smoking on prognosis were contradictory. We note that there was marked heterogeneity in patient populations and smoking categorizations across studies, precluding a meta-analysis.
Conclusions: Smoking may lead to less favorable outcomes for UCB and UTUC patients, and smoking cessation may mitigate this effect. The current evidence base lacks studies on the effects of smoking on prognosis in numerous clinical demographic subgroups of UC patients, as well as prospective investigation of smoking cessation.
Keywords: Outcomes; Prognosis; Progression; Recurrence; Smoking; Survival; Urothelial carcinoma.
Copyright © 2013 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Similar articles
- Ureteroscopic and percutaneous management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC): systematic review.
Cutress ML, Stewart GD, Zakikhani P, Phipps S, Thomas BG, Tolley DA. Cutress ML, et al. BJU Int. 2012 Sep;110(5):614-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11068.x. Epub 2012 Apr 3. BJU Int. 2012. PMID: 22471401 Review. - Smoking and Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review of Risk and Outcomes.
Rink M, Crivelli JJ, Shariat SF, Chun FK, Messing EM, Soloway MS. Rink M, et al. Eur Urol Focus. 2015 Aug;1(1):17-27. doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2014.11.001. Epub 2015 May 19. Eur Urol Focus. 2015. PMID: 28723350 Review. - Ki-67 as a Prognostic Marker in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Ahn C, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Kim HH, Kim HS, Ku JH. Ahn C, et al. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2018 Aug;16(4):e831-e841. doi: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.02.010. Epub 2018 Feb 24. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2018. PMID: 29551582 - Impact of smoking and smoking cessation on outcomes in bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy.
Rink M, Zabor EC, Furberg H, Xylinas E, Ehdaie B, Novara G, Babjuk M, Pycha A, Lotan Y, Trinh QD, Chun FK, Lee RK, Karakiewicz PI, Fisch M, Robinson BD, Scherr DS, Shariat SF. Rink M, et al. Eur Urol. 2013 Sep;64(3):456-64. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.11.039. Epub 2012 Nov 27. Eur Urol. 2013. PMID: 23206854 - Impact of smoking status and cumulative exposure on intravesical recurrence of upper tract urothelial carcinoma after radical nephroureterectomy.
Xylinas E, Kluth LA, Rieken M, Lee RK, Elghouayel M, Ficarra V, Margulis V, Lotan Y, Rouprêt M, Martinez-Salamanca JI, Matsumoto K, Seitz C, Karakiewicz PI, Zerbib M, Scherr DS, Shariat SF; UTUC Collaboration. Xylinas E, et al. BJU Int. 2014 Jul;114(1):56-61. doi: 10.1111/bju.12400. BJU Int. 2014. PMID: 24053463
Cited by
- ScRNA-seq revealed the tumor microenvironment heterogeneity related to the occurrence and metastasis in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.
Xin S, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li Z, Sun X, Liu X, Jin L, Li W, Tang C, Mei W, Cao Q, Wang H, Wei Z, Zhou Z, Li R, Wen X, Yang G, Chen W, Zheng J, Ye L. Xin S, et al. Cancer Gene Ther. 2024 Aug;31(8):1201-1220. doi: 10.1038/s41417-024-00779-3. Epub 2024 Jun 14. Cancer Gene Ther. 2024. PMID: 38877164 - Stratifying risk of disease in haematuria patients using machine learning techniques to improve diagnostics.
Drożdż A, Duggan B, Ruddock MW, Reid CN, Kurth MJ, Watt J, Irvine A, Lamont J, Fitzgerald P, O'Rourke D, Curry D, Evans M, Boyd R, Sousa J. Drożdż A, et al. Front Oncol. 2024 May 8;14:1401071. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1401071. eCollection 2024. Front Oncol. 2024. PMID: 38779086 Free PMC article. - Diagnosing upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A review of the role of diagnostic ureteroscopy and novel developments over last two decades.
Gravestock P, Cullum D, Somani B, Veeratterapillay R. Gravestock P, et al. Asian J Urol. 2024 Apr;11(2):242-252. doi: 10.1016/j.ajur.2022.08.003. Epub 2022 Sep 23. Asian J Urol. 2024. PMID: 38680592 Free PMC article. Review. - Clinical and Biological Differences between Upper Tract Carcinoma and Bladder Urothelial Cancer, Including Implications for Clinical Practice.
Lefort F, Rhanine Y, Larroquette M, Domblides C, Heraudet L, Sionneau B, Lambert S, Lasserre M, Robert G, Ravaud A, Gross-Goupil M. Lefort F, et al. Cancers (Basel). 2023 Nov 23;15(23):5558. doi: 10.3390/cancers15235558. Cancers (Basel). 2023. PMID: 38067262 Free PMC article. Review. - The Relationship Between CTLA-4 (-318 C/T) Polymorphism and Urothelial Cancer Carcinogenesis in Japanese Patients.
Damayanti P, Hlaing STM, Zin Aung K, Tsukino H, Hinoura T, Kuroda Y. Damayanti P, et al. Cureus. 2023 Oct 31;15(10):e48068. doi: 10.7759/cureus.48068. eCollection 2023 Oct. Cureus. 2023. PMID: 38046481 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources