Autophagosomes, phagosomes, autolysosomes, phagolysosomes, autophagolysosomes... wait, I'm confused - PubMed (original) (raw)

Editorial

Autophagosomes, phagosomes, autolysosomes, phagolysosomes, autophagolysosomes... wait, I'm confused

Daniel J Klionsky et al. Autophagy. 2014 Apr.

Abstract

When an autophagosome or an amphisome fuse with a lysosome, the resulting compartment is referred to as an autolysosome. Some people writing papers on the topic of autophagy use the terms "autolysosome" and "autophagolysosome" interchangeably. We contend that these words should be used to denote 2 different compartments, and that it is worthwhile maintaining this distinction-the autophagolysosome has a particular origin in the process of xenophagy that makes it distinct from an autolysosome.

Keywords: amphisome; lysosome; phagophore; stress; xenophagy.

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Figures

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Figure 1. The autolysosome. The fusion of a double-membrane autophagosome (AP) with a lysosome generates an autolysosome (AL). Similarly, the convergence of macroautophagy and endocytosis produces a single-membrane amphisome (AM) that also results in an autolysosome upon fusion with a lysosome. PG, phagophore.

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Figure 2. The phagolysosome. A single-membrane phagosome can fuse directly with a lysosome, independent of the autophagic machinery. The resulting compartment is a phagolysosome (PL). Note that a phagosome can also fuse with an endosome prior to fusion with a lysosome (not depicted).

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Figure 3. The autophagolysosome. There are several types of xenophagy, the selective sequestration and degradation of invasive microbes by macroautophagy. When an LC3-decorated phagosome, or an autophagosome that has sequestered a phagosome, fuse with a lysosome, the product is an autophagolysosome (APL). For simplicity, LC3 is not shown on the phagophore or autophagosome.

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