The cytosolic bacterial peptidoglycan sensor Nod2 affords stem cell protection and links microbes to gut epithelial regeneration - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2014 Jun 11;15(6):792-8.

doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.003. Epub 2014 May 29.

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• PMID: 24882705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.003

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The cytosolic bacterial peptidoglycan sensor Nod2 affords stem cell protection and links microbes to gut epithelial regeneration

Giulia Nigro et al. Cell Host Microbe. 2014.

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Abstract

The intestinal crypt is a site of potential interactions between microbiota products, stem cells, and other cell types found in this niche, including Paneth cells, and thus offers a potential for commensal microbes to influence the host epithelium. However, the complexity of this microenvironment has been a challenge to deciphering the underlying mechanisms. We used in vitro cultured organoids of intestinal crypts from mice, reinforced with in vivo experiments, to examine the crypt-microbiota interface. We find that within the intestinal crypt, Lgr5(+) stem cells constitutively express the cytosolic innate immune sensor Nod2 at levels much higher than in Paneth cells. Nod2 stimulation by its bona fide agonist, muramyl-dipeptide (MDP), a peptidoglycan motif common to all bacteria, triggers stem cell survival, which leads to a strong cytoprotection against oxidative stress-mediated cell death. Thus, gut epithelial restitution is Nod2 dependent and triggered by the presence of microbiota-derived molecules.

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Comment in

• Nod-like receptors have a grip on stem cells.
  Fritz JH. Fritz JH. Cell Host Microbe. 2014 Jun 11;15(6):659-61. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.017. Cell Host Microbe. 2014. PMID: 24922568

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