Developmental programming of fetal skeletal muscle and adipose tissue development - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

Developmental programming of fetal skeletal muscle and adipose tissue development

Xu Yan et al. J Genomics. 2013.

Abstract

All important developmental milestones are accomplished during the fetal stage, and nutrient fluctuation during this stage produces lasting effects on offspring health, so called fetal programming or developmental programming. The fetal stage is critical for skeletal muscle development, as well as adipose and connective tissue development. Maternal under-nutrition at this stage affects the proliferation of myogenic precursor cells and reduces the number of muscle fibers formed. Maternal over-nutrition results in impaired myogenesis and elevated adipogenesis. Because myocytes, adipocytes and fibrocytes are all derived from mesenchymal stem cells, molecular events which regulate the commitment of stem cells to different lineages directly impact fetal muscle and adipose tissue development. Recent studies indicate that microRNA is intensively involved in myogenic and adipogenic differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells, and epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation are expected to alter cell lineage commitment during fetal muscle and adipose tissue development.

Keywords: Maternal nutrition; fetal muscle development.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

References

    1. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Curtin LR. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA. 2010;303:235–241. -PubMed
    1. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Lamb MM, Flegal KM. Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 2007-2008. JAMA. 2010;303:242–249. -PubMed
    1. King JC. Maternal obesity, metabolism, and pregnancy outcomes. Annu Rev Nutr. 2006;26:271–291. -PubMed
    1. Yan X, Huang Y, Zhao JX, Long NM, Uthlaut AB, Zhu MJ, Ford SP, Nathanielsz PW, Du M. Maternal obesity-impaired insulin signaling in sheep and induced lipid accumulation and fibrosis in skeletal muscle of offspring. Biol Reprod. 2011;85:172–178. -PMC -PubMed
    1. Nathanielsz PW. Animal models that elucidate basic principles of the developmental origins of adult diseases. Ilar J. 2006;47:73–82. -PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources