Polycistronic animal virus mRNAs - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

Polycistronic animal virus mRNAs

C E Samuel. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1989.

Abstract

This chapter discusses some observations concerning the natural occurrence and structural organization of polycistronic animal virus mRNAs, and the mechanisms by which they may be translated to yield two or more unique polypeptide products. In most polycistronic viral mRNAs, initiation of translation of both the 5’-proximal, upstream cistron and the internal, downstream cistron(s) likewise occurs at an AUG codon. Animal viruses encoding polycistronic mRNAs in which translation-initiation occurs alternatively at one or more AUG initiation sites, include members of several virus families that utilize a variety of different replication strategies as parts of their life cycles. They include: 1. viruses with DNA genomes and viruses with RNA genomes; 2. viruses with circular genomes and viruses with linear genomes; 3. viruses whose genomes are constituted by a single piece of nucleic acid, as well as viruses with segmented genomes; and 4. viruses that utilize the cell nucleus as the site for mRNA biogenesis, as well as viruses whose mRNA is synthesized in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, many different biochemical mechanisms may exist in animal cells to permit the expression of functionally polycistronic viral mRNAs.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

• Regulation of protein synthesis in virus-infected animal cells.
  Kozak M. Kozak M. Adv Virus Res. 1986;31:229-92. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60265-1. Adv Virus Res. 1986. PMID: 3019107 Free PMC article. Review.
• Viral subversion of the host protein synthesis machinery.
  Walsh D, Mohr I. Walsh D, et al. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Oct 17;9(12):860-75. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2655. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011. PMID: 22002165 Free PMC article. Review.
• Polycistronic mRNAs and internal ribosome entry site elements (IRES) are widely used by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) structural protein genes.
  Kang ST, Leu JH, Wang HC, Chen LL, Kou GH, Lo CF. Kang ST, et al. Virology. 2009 May 10;387(2):353-63. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.02.012. Epub 2009 Mar 14. Virology. 2009. PMID: 19285701
• Synthesis of the NS 2 nonstructural protein messenger RNA of influenza A viruses occurs in the absence of viral protein synthesis.
  Odagiri T, Tobita K, Tashiro M. Odagiri T, et al. Arch Virol. 1991;120(3-4):281-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01310483. Arch Virol. 1991. PMID: 1835573
• Identification and analysis of Ebola virus messenger RNA.
  Sanchez A, Kiley MP. Sanchez A, et al. Virology. 1987 Apr;157(2):414-20. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(87)90283-2. Virology. 1987. PMID: 2881398

Cited by

• Internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs): reality and use.
  Houdebine LM, Attal J. Houdebine LM, et al. Transgenic Res. 1999 Jun;8(3):157-77. doi: 10.1023/a:1008909908180. Transgenic Res. 1999. PMID: 10478488 Review.
• Sequential partially overlapping gene arrangement in the tricistronic S1 genome segments of avian reovirus and Nelson Bay reovirus: implications for translation initiation.
  Shmulevitz M, Yameen Z, Dawe S, Shou J, O'Hara D, Holmes I, Duncan R. Shmulevitz M, et al. J Virol. 2002 Jan;76(2):609-18. doi: 10.1128/jvi.76.2.609-618.2002. J Virol. 2002. PMID: 11752152 Free PMC article.
• Origins of genes: "big bang" or continuous creation?
  Keese PK, Gibbs A. Keese PK, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Oct 15;89(20):9489-93. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.20.9489. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992. PMID: 1329098 Free PMC article.
• Transcription of gD and gI genes in BHV1-infected cells.
  Chowdhury S, Sharma B. Chowdhury S, et al. J Biosci. 2012 Dec;37(6):971-7. doi: 10.1007/s12038-012-9258-7. J Biosci. 2012. PMID: 23151787
• The internal open reading frame within the nucleocapsid gene of mouse hepatitis virus encodes a structural protein that is not essential for viral replication.
  Fischer F, Peng D, Hingley ST, Weiss SR, Masters PS. Fischer F, et al. J Virol. 1997 Feb;71(2):996-1003. doi: 10.1128/JVI.71.2.996-1003.1997. J Virol. 1997. PMID: 8995618 Free PMC article.

References

1. 1. Nevins J.R. ARB. 1983;52:441. - PubMed
2. 1. Padgett R.A., Grabowski P.J., Konarska M.M., Seiler S., Sharp P.A. ARB. 1986;55:1119. - PubMed
3. 1. Moldave K. ARB. 1985;54:1109. - PubMed
4. 1. Kozak M. Microbiol. Rev. 1983;47:1. - PMC - PubMed
5. 1. Kozak M. NARes. 1984;12:857. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • Elsevier Science
  • Europe PubMed Central
  • PubMed Central

• Medical

  • MedlinePlus Health Information