The role of noncoding RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

The role of noncoding RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma

Zhuolu Wang et al. Gland Surg. 2013 Feb.

Abstract

Increasing noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) were found to show abnormal expression patterns in various human cancers. Based on their length, ncRNAs are briefly divided into two categories. Transcripts that are shorter than 200 nucleotides are recognized as short/small noncoding RNAs and greater than 200 nucleotides as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Short/small noncoding RNAs include microRNAs, piRNAs, snoRNAs, and endogenous siRNAs. Numerous studies have revealed that these short/small ncRNA play important roles in multiple biological processes and tumorigenesis. In contrast to small ncRNAs, long noncoding RNAs are much less known concerning their functions in human cancers especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this review, we highlight recent progress regarding HCC development, tumorigenesis, metastasis, clinical implication, as well as the role in the risk of HBV infection.

Keywords: MicroRNA; hepatitis B virus; hepatocellular carcinoma; long noncoding RNA.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Genomic organization of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Schematic diagram illustrating the complexity of the network of the long noncoding transcript (oblique line box) that is associated with a representative gene (hollow box). The orientations of transcription indicated by arrows. Sense, The lncRNA sequence overlaps with the sense strand of a protein-coding gene; Antisense, The lncRNA sequence overlaps with the antisense strand of a protein-coding gene; Bidirectional, The lncRNA sequence is located on the opposite strand from a protein-coding gene whose transcription is initiated <1,000 base pairs away; Intronic, The lncRNA sequence is derived entirely from within an intron of another transcript. This may be either a true independent transcript or a product of pre- mRNA processing; Intergenic, The lncRNA sequence is not located near any other protein-coding loci.

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