A current understanding of vascular calcification in CKD - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

A current understanding of vascular calcification in CKD

Neil J Paloian et al. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2014.

Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that is in part due to the development of vascular calcification. Vascular calcification is an active, highly regulated process that shares many similarities with normal bone formation. New discoveries related to extracellular vesicles, microRNAs, and calciprotein particles continue to reveal the mechanisms that are involved in the initiation and progression of vascular calcification in CKD. Further innovations in these fields are critical for the development of biomarkers and therapeutic options for patients with CKD and ESRD.

Keywords: calciprotein particles; chronic kidney disease; microRNA; vascular calcification; vesicles.

Copyright © 2014 the American Physiological Society.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Pathological deposition of mineral in the arterial medial wall is an active process that is multifactorial in origin. Contributors to this include calciprotein particles, abnormalities of microRNA (miRNA), and extracellular vesicle formation and release. The combination of these factors in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to the development of arterial medial calcification. This is demonstrated showing a quarter section of an elastic artery. VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells; PPI, pyrophosphate; MGP, matrix Gla protein; TGF, transforming growth factor.

References

    1. Aikawa E, Aikawa M, Libby P, Figueiredo JL, Rusanescu G, Iwamoto Y, Fukuda D, Kohler RH, Shi GP, Jaffer FA, Weissleder R. Arterial and aortic valve calcification abolished by elastolytic cathepsin S deficiency in chronic renal disease. Circulation 119: 1785–1794, 2009 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Amabile N, Guérin AP, Leroyer A, Mallat Z, Nguyen C, Boddaert J, London GM, Tedgui A, Boulanger CM. Circulating endothelial microparticles are associated with vascular dysfunction in patients with end-stage renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol 16: 3381–3388, 2005 - PubMed
    1. Amabile N, Guérin AP, Tedgui A, Boulanger CM, London GM. Predictive value of circulating endothelial microparticles for cardiovascular mortality in end-stage renal failure: a pilot study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 27: 1873–1880, 2012 - PubMed
    1. Anderson HC. Electron microscopic studies of induced cartilage development and calcification. J Cell Biol 35: 81–101, 1967 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Asmus HG, Braun J, Krause R, Brunkhorst R, Holzer H, Schulz W, Neumayer HH, Raggi P, Bommer J. Two year comparison of sevelamer and calcium carbonate effects on cardiovascular calcification and bone density. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20: 1653–1661, 2005 - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources