Phage-host interplay: examples from tailed phages and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens - PubMed (original) (raw)

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Phage-host interplay: examples from tailed phages and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens

Soraya Chaturongakul et al. Front Microbiol. 2014.

Abstract

Complex interactions between bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts play significant roles in shaping the structure of environmental microbial communities, not only by genetic transduction but also by modification of bacterial gene expression patterns. Survival of phages solely depends on their ability to infect their bacterial hosts, most importantly during phage entry. Successful dynamic adaptation of bacteriophages when facing selective pressures, such as host adaptation and resistance, dictates their abundance and diversification. Co-evolution of the phage tail fibers and bacterial receptors determine bacterial host ranges, mechanisms of phage entry, and other infection parameters. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the physical interactions between tailed bacteriophages and bacterial pathogens (e.g., Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and the influences of the phage on host gene expression. Understanding these interactions can offer insights into phage-host dynamics and suggest novel strategies for the design of bacterial pathogen biological controls.

Keywords: bacteriophage; host–phage dynamics; host–phage interaction; microbial community; phage resistance mechanism.

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Figures

FIGURE 1

FIGURE 1

Receptors of Salmonella phages. Phages can use a number of cell surface moieties as receptors, including glycolipids (O- and Vi-antigens), integral membrane proteins (e.g., OmpF, BtuB, and TolC) and flagella proteins (FliC, FljB, and FliK).

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 2

Electron microscopy (EM) of phages. (A) An electron density map of a major capsid protein (MCP) from Bordetella pertussis phage BPP1 determined by single particle reconstruction at 3.5 Angstrom resolution. (B) A ribbon model of BPP1 MCP (Image rendered from deposited structure, EMD-5766 and PDB ID 3J4U; Zhang et al., 2013), (C) a top cartoon shows different stages of T7 phage infection derived from electron cryotomography based on Hu et al. (2013); bottom shows surface rendition of electron density map generated from electron cryotomography and subtomogram averaging (Images rendered from deposited EMDB structures, EMD-5534, EMD-5535, EMD-5536, EMD-5537; Hu et al., 2013).

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