Alcohol intake and the risk of age-related cataracts: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies - PubMed (original) (raw)

Meta-Analysis

Wei Wang et al. PLoS One. 2014.

Abstract

Purpose: Epidemiologic studies assessing the relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of age-related cataracts (ARCs) led to inconsistent results. This meta-analysis was performed to fill this gap.

Methods: Eligible studies were identified via computer searches and reviewing the reference lists of these obtained articles. Pooled estimates of the relative risks (RR) and the corresponding 95% confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated using random effects models.

Results: Seven prospective cohort studies involving a total of 119,706 participants were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results showed that there is no substantial overall increased risk of ARC due to heavy alcohol consumption. The estimated RRs comparing heavy drinkers versus non-drinkers were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.56) for cataract sugery, 1.06 (95% CI: 0.63, 1.81) for cortical cataracts, 1.26 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.73) for nuclear cataracts, and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.32, 2.61) for posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSCs), respectively. No significant associations between moderate alcohol consumption and cataracts were observed. The pooled RRs comparing moderate drinkers versus non-drinkers were 0.90 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.26) for cataract surgery, 0.97 (95% CI: 0.75, 1.25) for cortical cataracts, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.08) for nuclear cataracts, and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.49, 1.91) for PSCs, respectively.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that there is no substantial overall increased risk of ARC due to alcohol intake. Because of the limited number of studies, the findings from our study must be confirmed in future research via well-designed cohort or intervention studies.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1. Flow chart of study selection.

Figure 2

Figure 2. Forest plot for study-specific and pooled relative risk (RR) estimates (Any drinkers versus Non-drinkers) of cataract risk associated with alcohol consumption.

SEE = The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study; BMES = The Blue Mountains Eye Study; BDES = The Beaver Dam Eye Study; NHS = The Nurses' Health Study; SMC = The Swedish Mammography Cohort; SPES = The Shihpai Eye Study; PHS = The Physicians' Health Study; PSC = posterior subcapsular cataract.

Figure 3

Figure 3. Forest plot for study-specific and pooled relative risk (RR) estimates (Moderate drinkers versus Non-drinkers) of cataract risk associated with alcohol consumption.

SEE = The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study; BMES = The Blue Mountains Eye Study; BDES = The Beaver Dam Eye Study; NHS = The Nurses' Health Study; SMC = The Swedish Mammography Cohort; SPES = The Shihpai Eye Study; PHS = The Physicians' Health Study; PSC = posterior subcapsular cataract.

Figure 4

Figure 4. Forest plot for study-specific and pooled relative risk (RR) estimates (Heavy drinkers versus Non-drinkers) of cataract risk associated with alcohol consumption.

SEE = The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Study; BMES = The Blue Mountains Eye Study; BDES = The Beaver Dam Eye Study; NHS = The Nurses' Health Study; SMC = The Swedish Mammography Cohort; SPES = The Shihpai Eye Study; PHS = The Physicians' Health Study; PSC = posterior subcapsular cataract.

Figure 5

Figure 5. Funnel plot of the association between alcohol intake and risk of any cataract (Any drinkers versus Non-drinkers-Any).

Figure 6

Figure 6. Funnel plot of the association between alcohol intake and risk of cortical cataract (Any drinkers versus Non-drinkers).

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