Prevalence of intestinal helminths among inhabitants of Cambodia (2006-2011) - PubMed (original) (raw)

Prevalence of intestinal helminths among inhabitants of Cambodia (2006-2011)

Tai-Soon Yong et al. Korean J Parasitol. 2014 Dec.

Abstract

In order to investigate the status of intestinal helminthic infections in Cambodia, epidemiological surveys were carried out on a national scale, including 19 provinces. A total of 32,201 fecal samples were collected from schoolchildren and adults between 2006 and 2011 and examined once by the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminths was 26.2%. The prevalence of hookworms was the highest (9.6%), followed by that of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal flukes (Ov/MIF) (5.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (4.6%), and Trichuris trichiura (4.1%). Other types of parasites detected were Enterobius vermicularis (1.1%), Taenia spp. (0.4%), and Hymenolepis spp. (0.2%). The northwestern regions such as the Siem Reap, Oddar Meanchey, and Banteay Meanchey Provinces showed higher prevalences (17.4-22.3%) of hookworms than the other localities. The southwestern areas, including Koh Kong and Preah Sihanouk Provinces showed higher prevalences of A. lumbricoides (17.5-19.2%) and T. trichiura (6.1-21.0%). Meanwhile, the central and southern areas, in particular, Takeo and Kampong Cham Provinces, showed high prevalences of Ov/MIF (23.8-24.0%). The results indicate that a considerably high prevalence of intestinal helminths has been revealed in Cambodia, and thus sustained national parasite control projects are necessary to reduce morbidity due to parasitic infections in Cambodia.

Keywords: Cambodia; Hookworm; intestinal helminth; prevalence.

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Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Map of Cambodia showing the prevalence of intestinal helminths (3 most important species in each province) during 2006 and 2011. Note that hookworms are highly prevalent particularly in the northwestern provinces (Oddar Meanchey, Banteay Meanchey, and Siem Reap) followed by the southwestern provinces (Koh Kong and Kampot). O. viverrini/minute intestinal flukes (MIF) are prevalent in the Kampong Cham and Takeo Provinces. Hw, hookworms; A.l., Ascaris lumbricoides; T. t., Trichuris trichiura; O.v., Opisthorchis viverrini/MIF; E.v., Enterobius vermicularis; T.s., Taenia spp..

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Comparative prevalence of intestinal helminths between schoolchildren and adults in 19 provinces, Cambodia (2006-2011). The overall egg positive rates of helminths, hookworms, A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, O. viverrini/MIF, and Taenia spp. were significantly (P<0.05) higher in adults than in schoolchildren. Conversely, the prevalence of E. vermicularis was significantly (P<0.05) higher in schoolchildren than in village people. Others included Trichostrongylus sp., Hymenolepis diminuta, echinostomes, dicrocoelids, and fasciolids.

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