Sugar-sweetened beverage, diet soda, and fatty liver disease in the Framingham Heart Study cohorts - PubMed (original) (raw)
Multicenter Study
Sugar-sweetened beverage, diet soda, and fatty liver disease in the Framingham Heart Study cohorts
Jiantao Ma et al. J Hepatol. 2015 Aug.
Abstract
Background & aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects ∼30% of US adults, yet the role of sugar-sweetened beverages and diet soda on these diseases remains unknown. We examined the cross-sectional association between intake of sugar-sweetened beverages or diet soda and fatty liver disease in participants of the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation cohorts.
Methods: Fatty liver disease was defined using liver attenuation measurements generated from computed tomography in 2634 participants. Alanine transaminase concentration, a crude marker of fatty liver disease, was measured in 5908 participants. Sugar-sweetened beverage and diet soda intake were estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. Participants were categorized as either non-consumers or consumers (3 categories: 1 serving/month to <1 serving/week, 1 serving/week to <1 serving/day, and ⩾1 serving/day) of sugar-sweetened beverages or diet soda.
Results: After adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, Framingham cohort, energy intake, alcohol, dietary fiber, fat (% energy), protein (% energy), diet soda intake, and body mass index, the odds ratios of fatty liver disease were 1, 1.16 (0.88, 1.54), 1.32 (0.93, 1.86), and 1.61 (1.04, 2.49) across sugar-sweetened beverage consumption categories (p trend=0.04). Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was also positively associated with alanine transaminase levels (p trend=0.007). We observed no significant association between diet soda intake and measures of fatty liver disease.
Conclusion: In conclusion, we observed that regular sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was associated with greater risk of fatty liver disease, particularly in overweight and obese individuals, whereas diet soda intake was not associated with measures of fatty liver disease.
Keywords: Alanine transaminase; Diet soda; Fatty liver disease; Sugar-sweetened beverages.
Copyright © 2015 European Association for the Study of the Liver. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflict of interest
The authors who have taken part in this study declared that they do not have anything to disclose regarding funding or conflict of interest with respect to this manuscript.
Figures
Fig. 1
BMI-stratified associations between sugar-sweetened beverage intake and liver-phantom ratio. Symbols are means and 95% CI. Diamonds represent BMI <25 kg/m2 and squares represent BMI ⩾25 kg/m2. Models were adjusted for age, gender, Framingham cohort, energy intake, alcohol intake, dietary fiber, dietary fat (% of energy), dietary protein (% energy), diet soda intake, smoking status, and BMI. SSB: Sugar-sweetened beverages.
Comment in
- Sugar sweetened beverages and fatty liver disease: Rising concern and call to action.
Abdelmalek MF, Day C. Abdelmalek MF, et al. J Hepatol. 2015 Aug;63(2):306-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.05.021. Epub 2015 May 30. J Hepatol. 2015. PMID: 26036988 No abstract available. - NAFLD: Sugary drinks and fatty liver--a bitter-sweet relationship.
Patman G. Patman G. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Aug;12(8):430. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2015.108. Epub 2015 Jun 23. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015. PMID: 26100370 No abstract available.
Similar articles
- Sugar-Sweetened Beverage, Diet Soda, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Over 6 Years: The Framingham Heart Study.
Park WY, Yiannakou I, Petersen JM, Hoffmann U, Ma J, Long MT. Park WY, et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Nov;20(11):2524-2532.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.11.001. Epub 2021 Nov 6. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022. PMID: 34752964 Free PMC article. - Sugar-Sweetened Beverage but Not Diet Soda Consumption Is Positively Associated with Progression of Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes.
Ma J, Jacques PF, Meigs JB, Fox CS, Rogers GT, Smith CE, Hruby A, Saltzman E, McKeown NM. Ma J, et al. J Nutr. 2016 Dec;146(12):2544-2550. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.234047. Epub 2016 Nov 9. J Nutr. 2016. PMID: 27934644 Free PMC article. - Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Liver Cancer and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality.
Zhao L, Zhang X, Coday M, Garcia DO, Li X, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Naughton MJ, Lopez-Pentecost M, Saquib N, Shadyab AH, Simon MS, Snetselaar LG, Tabung FK, Tobias DK, VoPham T, McGlynn KA, Sesso HD, Giovannucci E, Manson JE, Hu FB, Tinker LF, Zhang X. Zhao L, et al. JAMA. 2023 Aug 8;330(6):537-546. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.12618. JAMA. 2023. PMID: 37552302 Free PMC article. - Systematic review of the evidence for an association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risk of obesity.
Trumbo PR, Rivers CR. Trumbo PR, et al. Nutr Rev. 2014 Sep;72(9):566-74. doi: 10.1111/nure.12128. Epub 2014 Aug 4. Nutr Rev. 2014. PMID: 25091794 Review. - Associations of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Artificially Sweetened Beverages, and Pure Fruit Juice With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Study.
Sun Y, Yu B, Wang Y, Wang B, Tan X, Lu Y, Zhang K, Wang N. Sun Y, et al. Endocr Pract. 2023 Sep;29(9):735-742. doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.06.002. Epub 2023 Aug 3. Endocr Pract. 2023. PMID: 37543090 Review.
Cited by
- Genetic risk accentuates dietary effects on hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a population-based cohort.
Chen VL, Du X, Oliveri A, Chen Y, Kuppa A, Halligan BD, Province MA, Speliotes EK. Chen VL, et al. J Hepatol. 2024 Sep;81(3):379-388. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.03.045. Epub 2024 Apr 4. J Hepatol. 2024. PMID: 38582304 - Association between healthy beverage index and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the Ravansar noncommunicable disease cohort study.
Sadafi S, Azizi A, Rezaeian S, Pasdar Y. Sadafi S, et al. Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 13;14(1):3622. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-54288-2. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 38351106 Free PMC article. - Frontiers of Collaboration between Primary Care and Specialists in the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Review.
Nagai K, Nagai K, Iwaki M, Kobayashi T, Nogami A, Oka M, Saito S, Yoneda M. Nagai K, et al. Life (Basel). 2023 Oct 31;13(11):2144. doi: 10.3390/life13112144. Life (Basel). 2023. PMID: 38004284 Free PMC article. Review. - Food co-consumption network as a new approach to dietary pattern in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Naghizadeh MM, Osati S, Homayounfar R, Masoudi-Nejad A. Naghizadeh MM, et al. Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 24;13(1):20703. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47752-y. Sci Rep. 2023. PMID: 38001137 Free PMC article. - Clinical Classification of Obesity and Implications for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Treatment.
Ding Y, Deng Q, Yang M, Niu H, Wang Z, Xia S. Ding Y, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2023 Oct 25;16:3303-3329. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S431251. eCollection 2023. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2023. PMID: 37905232 Free PMC article. Review.
References
- Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Diehl AM, Brunt EM, Cusi K, et al. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. Hepatology. 2012;55:2005–2023. - PubMed
- Angulo P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:1221–1231. - PubMed
- Targher G, Day CP, Bonora E. Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:1341–1350. - PubMed
- McCullough AJ. The clinical features, diagnosis and natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Liver Dis. 2004;8:521–533, viii. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
- N01-HC-25195/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- N01 HC025195/HC/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL112845/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- N01HC25195/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- K08 HL112845/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical