Objectively Measured Daily Steps and Subsequent Long Term All-Cause Mortality: The Tasped Prospective Cohort Study - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2015 Nov 4;10(11):e0141274.

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141274. eCollection 2015.

Terence Dwyer 1 2 3, Cong Sun 3 4, Jenny Cochrane 2, Alison Venn 2, Velandai Srikanth 5, Graeme Jones 2, Robin P Shook, Xuemei Sui 6 7, Andrew Ortaglia 6 8, Steven Blair 6 7 8, Anne-Louise Ponsonby 2 3 4

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Objectively Measured Daily Steps and Subsequent Long Term All-Cause Mortality: The Tasped Prospective Cohort Study

Terence Dwyer et al. PLoS One. 2015.

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Self-reported physical activity has been inversely associated with mortality but the effect of objectively measured step activity on mortality has never been evaluated. The objective is to determine the prospective association of daily step activity on mortality among free-living adults.

Methods and findings: Cohort study of free-living adults residing in Tasmania, Australia between 2000 and 2005 who participated in one of three cohort studies (n = 2 576 total participants). Daily step activity by pedometer at baseline at a mean of 58.8 years of age, and for a subset, repeated monitoring was available 3.7 (SD 1.3) years later (n = 1 679). All-cause mortality (n = 219 deaths) was ascertained by record-linkage to the Australian National Death Index; 90% of participants were followed-up over ten years, until June 2011. Higher daily step count at baseline was linearly associated with lower all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio AHR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90 to 0.98 per 1 000 steps; P = 0.004). Risk was altered little by removing deaths occurring in the first two years. Increasing baseline daily steps from sedentary to 10 000 steps a day was associated with a 46% (95% CI, 18% to 65%; P = 0.004) lower risk of mortality in the decade of follow-up. In addition, those who increased their daily steps over the monitoring period had a substantial reduction in mortality risk, after adjusting for baseline daily step count (AHR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.72; P = 0.002), or other factors (AHR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.21-0.70; P = 0.002).

Conclusions: Higher daily step count was linearly associated with subsequent long term mortality among free living adults. These data are the first to quantify mortality reductions using an objective measure of physical activity in a free living population. They strongly underscore the importance of physical inactivity as a major public health problem.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors note that although they received funding from commercial sources: Abbott Australasia, Alphapharm, Aventis Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly (Australia), GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag (Australia), Merck Lipha, Merck Sharp and Dohme (Australia), Novartis Pharmaceutical (Australia), Novo Nordisk Pharmaceutical, Pharmacia and Upjohn, Pfizer, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi Synthelabo (Australia), Servier Laboratories (Australia), BioRad Laboratories, Hitech Pathology, these commercial funders/professional associations had no involvement or control over the preparation of results for publication. The authors have no conflicts of interest that alter their adherence to all PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Steve N. Blair receives book royalties (<$5,000/year) from Human Kinetics; and honoraria for lectures and consultations from scientific, educational, and lay groups which are donated to the University of South Carolina or not-for-profit organizations. Dr. Blair is a consultant on research projects with the University of Texas-Southwestern Medical School and the University of Miami. He serves as the Vice-President of the Global Energy Balance Network, a not-for-profit professional organization. During the past 5-year period Dr. Blair has received research grants from BodyMedia, The Coca-Cola Company, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and U.S. Department of Defense. All other authors declare no competing interest.

Figures

Fig 1

Fig 1. Kaplan-Meier probability estimates of survival by annual change in daily step activity from baseline to repeat interview, among Tasped participants with serial pedometer measures.

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Grants and funding

The study received financial support from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, Abbott Australasia, Alphapharm, Aventis Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly (Australia), GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag (Australia), Merck Lipha, Merck Sharp and Dohme (Australia), Novartis Pharmaceutical (Australia), Novo Nordisk Pharmaceutical, Pharmacia and Upjohn, Pfizer, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi Synthelabo (Australia), Servier Laboratories (Australia), BioRad Laboratories, Hitech Pathology, the Australian Kidney Foundation, Diabetes Australia, Tasmanian Department of Health and Human Services, the Physiotherapy Research Foundation, Perpetual Trustees, Brain Foundation, Royal Hobart Hospital Research Foundation, ANZ Charitable Trust, Tasmanian Community Fund; Arthritis Foundation of Australia and Masonic Centenary Medical Research Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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