Pathological Lesions and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressions in the Liver of Mice Experimentally Infected with Clonorchis sinensis - PubMed (original) (raw)

Pathological Lesions and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressions in the Liver of Mice Experimentally Infected with Clonorchis sinensis

Qing-Li Yang et al. Korean J Parasitol. 2015 Dec.

Abstract

The nitric oxide (NO) formation and intrinsic nitrosation may be involved in the possible mechanisms of liver fluke-associated carcinogenesis. We still do not know much about the responses of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induced by Clonorchis sinensis infection. This study was conducted to explore the pathological lesions and iNOS expressions in the liver of mice with different infection intensity levels of C. sinensis. Extensive periductal inflammatory cell infiltration, bile duct hyperplasia, and fibrosis were commonly observed during the infection. The different pathological responses in liver tissues strongly correlated with the infection intensity of C. sinensis. Massive acute spotty necrosis occurred in the liver parenchyma after a severe infection. The iNOS activity in liver tissues increased, and iNOS-expressing cells with morphological differences were observed after a moderate or severe infection. The iNOS-expressing cells in liver tissues had multiple origins.

Keywords: Clonorchis sinensis; immunohistochemistry; inducible nitric oxide synthase; liver; pathology.

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Conflict of interest statement

We have no conflict of interest related to this work.

Figures

Fig. 1.

iNOS activity in liver tissues of mice infected with C. sinensis. NOS (A) and iNOS (B) activities were detected and expressed as nmol/min per gram of tissue with SEM bars. Significance was determined by comparison with uninfected controls. dpi, day post-infection. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

Fig. 2.

2. Immunohistochemistry of iNOS in the liver of mice infected with C. sinensis. Liver sections were incubated with the antibody against iNOS and visualized by DAB as brown-colored deposits, and hematoxylin was used to counterstain the nuclei in blue. The pathological changes in the livers of mice infected with different numbers of metacercariae, namely, 20 (A), 40 (B), and 80 (C), were detected at 20, 45, and 90 days post-infection (dpi). Normal uninfected mice served as controls (D). The original magnification was at 40×, and the upper/lower corresponding images were magnified at 400×. Arrows in red, blue, yellow, and green highlight the ductular adenomatous hyperplasia, fibrous tissue hyperplasia, spotty necrosis of hepatic lobules, and fluke, respectively. The figure shows 1 representative biopsy out of 6. SECs, sinusoidal endothelial cells; LDCs, liver dendritic cells; KCs, Kupffer cells; BECs, biliary epithelial cells. +, iNOS positive; -, iNOS negative.

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Pathological Lesions and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressions in the Liver of Mice Experimentally Infected with Clonorchis sinensis - PubMed (original) (raw)