Description of a new tick species, Ixodes collaris n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), from bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam - PubMed (original) (raw)

Description of a new tick species, Ixodes collaris n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), from bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam

Sándor Hornok et al. Parasit Vectors. 2016.

Abstract

Background: In a recent study on ixodid bat ticks from Eurasia, a high genetic difference was found between Ixodes vespertilionis from Europe and Vietnam. Accordingly, it was proposed that I. vespertilionis is a species complex, with at least one additional, hitherto undescribed species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the morphology of bat ticks from Vietnam and to assess their taxonomic status in comparison with those collected in Europe.

Findings: Ixodid bat ticks (two females and two nymphs) collected from the pomona leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros pomona) (Hipposideridae) and intermediate horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus affinis) (Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam showed major morphological differences from European isolates of I. vespertilionis, including the shape of the scutum, the enclosure and shape of porose areas, the presence of a caudo-lateral collar-like ridge ventrally on the basis capituli, polytrich coxae with short setae, and grouped (non-linear) arrangement of anterior pit sensillae in Haller's organ.

Conclusions: In this study the female and the nymph of an ixodid bat tick species from Vietnam are described for the first time. The genetic and morphological differences between I. vespertilionis Koch, 1844 and these bat ticks from Vietnam justify the status of the latter as a distinct species, Ixodes collaris Hornok n. sp.

Keywords: Bat tick; Ixodes collaris Hornok n. sp; Ixodes vespertilionis; New species; Rhinolophus affinis; Vietnam.

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Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Dorsal view of female of Ixodes collaris n. sp. a Holotype: posteriorly broad scutum (arrow), as contrasted to that of Ixodes vespertilionis female (b); c Basis capituli and palps of paratype No. 1. showing convex longitudinal flanks (arrow) enclosing the porose areas, which are longer than broad, as contrasted to those of I. vespertilionis female (d)

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Ventral idiosomal setae of a Ixodes collaris n. sp. (holotype) and b Ixodes vespertilionis in a similar state of engorgement. Note that I. collaris n. sp. has shorter setae anteriorly to the genital aperture than posteriorly, whereas setae of I. vespertilionis are similar in length both anteriorly and posteriorly to the genital aperture. I. collaris n. sp.: c perianal setae; d spiracular plate

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Ventral view of female a Ixodes vespertilionis and b Ixodes collaris n. sp. (holotype). a I. vespertilionis shows lateral flange on basis capituli (blue arrow) and a few, long coxal setae (especially on coxa III: white arrows). Note: V-shaped arrangement of some of these setae is due to reflection. b I. collaris n. sp. with ventral collar on basis capituli (yellow arrow) and multiple, short coxal setae (black arrows)

Fig. 4

Fig. 4

Nymphs of Ixodes collaris n. sp. (paratype No. 2) (a, b) and I. vespertilionis (c). a I. collaris n. sp., dorsal view. b I. collaris n. sp., gnathosoma, ventral view. Note semitransparent collars extending above the first coxae (arrows). c Gnathosoma of I. vespertilionis, ventral view

Fig. 5

Fig. 5

Drawings of structures with diagnostic importance in the female (1) and nymph (2) of Ixodes collaris n. sp. Labels: 1.a and 2.a, capitulum dorsal view; 1.b and 2b, capitulum ventral view; 1.c and 2.c, coxae (downward: I-IV) with the collar overlaying coxa I; 1.d and 2.d, scutum; 1.e, Haller’s organ

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