Short-term isocaloric fructose restriction lowers apoC-III levels and yields less atherogenic lipoprotein profiles in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome - PubMed (original) (raw)
Clinical Trial
Short-term isocaloric fructose restriction lowers apoC-III levels and yields less atherogenic lipoprotein profiles in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome
Alejandro Gugliucci et al. Atherosclerosis. 2016 Oct.
Abstract
Background and aims: Dietary fructose may play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In a recently published study of obese children with MetS, we showed that isocaloric fructose restriction reduced fasting triglyceride (TG) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). In these ancillary analyses, we tested the hypothesis that these effects were also accompanied by improved quantitative and qualitative changes in LDL and HDL subclasses and their apolipoproteins; as well as change in VLDL, particularly apoC-III.
Methods: Obese children with MetS (n = 37) consumed a diet that matched self-reported macronutrient composition for nine days, with the exception that dietary fructose was reduced from 11.7 ± 4.0% to 3.8 ± 0.5% of daily calories and substituted with glucose (in starch). Participants underwent fasting biochemical analyses on Days 0 and 10. HDL and LDL subclasses were analyzed using the Lipoprint HDL and LDL subfraction analysis systems from Quantimetrix.
Results: Significant reductions in apoB (78 ± 24 vs. 66 ± 24 mg/dl) apoC-III (8.7 ± 3.5 vs. 6.5 ± 2.6 mg/dl) and apoE (4.6 ± 2.3 vs. 3.6 ± 1.1 mg/dl), all p < 0.001) were observed. LDL size increased by 0.87 Å (p = 0.008). Small dense LDL was present in 25% of our cohort and decreased by 68% (p = 0.04). Small HDL decreased by 2.7% (p < 0.001) and large HDL increased by 2.4% (p = 0.04). The TG/HDL-C ratio decreased from 3.1 ± 2.5 to 2.4 ± 1.4 (p = 0.02). These changes in fasting lipid profiles correlated with changes in insulin sensitivity.
Conclusions: Isocaloric fructose restriction for 9 days improved lipoprotein markers of CVD risk in children with obesity and MetS. The most dramatic reduction was seen for apoC-III, which has been associated with atherogenic hypertriglyceridemia.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01200043.
Keywords: Apolipoproteins; Fructose; HDL subclasses; LDL subclasses; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; apoC-III.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Comment in
- The time has come to flag and reduce excess fructose intake.
Brinton EA. Brinton EA. Atherosclerosis. 2016 Oct;253:262-264. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.040. Epub 2016 Aug 28. Atherosclerosis. 2016. PMID: 27596814 No abstract available. - Unique effect for fructose on lipoprotein risk factors for cardiovascular disease in children is not demonstrated.
White JS, Clark KL, Empie MW, Foreyt JP, Frank A. White JS, et al. Atherosclerosis. 2016 Dec;255:219-220. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.10.003. Epub 2016 Oct 6. Atherosclerosis. 2016. PMID: 27745882 No abstract available. - Reply to: "Unique effect for fructose on lipoprotein risk factors for cardiovascular disease in children is not demonstrated".
Gugliucci A. Gugliucci A. Atherosclerosis. 2016 Dec;255:221-223. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.10.035. Epub 2016 Oct 26. Atherosclerosis. 2016. PMID: 27865428 No abstract available.
Similar articles
- [THE LIPOLYSIS IN PHYLOGENETICALLY EARLY LIPOPROTEINS OF LOW DENSITY AND MORE LATER LIPOPROTEINS OF VERY LOW DENSITY: FUNCTION AND DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF APOE AND APOC-III].
Rozhkova TA, Titov VN, Amelyushkina VA, Kaba SI, Kukhartchuk VV. Rozhkova TA, et al. Klin Lab Diagn. 2015 Dec;60(12):4-14. Klin Lab Diagn. 2015. PMID: 27032246 Review. Russian. - Lipoprotein distribution of apolipoprotein C-III and its relationship to the presence in plasma of triglyceride-rich remnant lipoproteins.
Marcoux C, Tremblay M, Fredenrich A, Davignon J, Cohn JS. Marcoux C, et al. Metabolism. 2001 Jan;50(1):112-9. doi: 10.1053/meta.2001.19452. Metabolism. 2001. PMID: 11172484 - Isocaloric fructose restriction and metabolic improvement in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Lustig RH, Mulligan K, Noworolski SM, Tai VW, Wen MJ, Erkin-Cakmak A, Gugliucci A, Schwarz JM. Lustig RH, et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2016 Feb;24(2):453-60. doi: 10.1002/oby.21371. Epub 2015 Oct 26. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2016. PMID: 26499447 Free PMC article. - Effects of dietary carbohydrate and fat on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins C-II and C-III in healthy men.
Kashyap ML, Barnhart RL, Srivastava LS, Perisutti G, Vink P, Allen C, Hogg E, Brady D, Glueck CJ, Jackson RL. Kashyap ML, et al. J Lipid Res. 1982 Aug;23(6):877-86. J Lipid Res. 1982. PMID: 7130856 - The risk of cardiovascular events with increased apolipoprotein CIII: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wyler von Ballmoos MC, Haring B, Sacks FM. Wyler von Ballmoos MC, et al. J Clin Lipidol. 2015 Jul-Aug;9(4):498-510. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.05.002. Epub 2015 May 14. J Clin Lipidol. 2015. PMID: 26228667 Review.
Cited by
- The chylomicron saga: time to focus on postprandial metabolism.
Gugliucci A. Gugliucci A. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Jan 18;14:1322869. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1322869. eCollection 2023. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024. PMID: 38303975 Free PMC article. Review. - The Intersection of Genetic Factors, Aberrant Nutrient Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in the Progression of Cardiometabolic Disease.
Butcko AJ, Putman AK, Mottillo EP. Butcko AJ, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jan 10;13(1):87. doi: 10.3390/antiox13010087. Antioxidants (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38247511 Free PMC article. Review. - Associations of diet quality and food consumption with serum biomarkers for lipid and amino acid metabolism in Finnish children: the PANIC study.
Laamanen SE, Eloranta AM, Haapala EA, Sallinen T, Schwab U, Lakka TA. Laamanen SE, et al. Eur J Nutr. 2024 Mar;63(2):623-637. doi: 10.1007/s00394-023-03293-8. Epub 2023 Dec 21. Eur J Nutr. 2024. PMID: 38127151 Free PMC article. - Sugar and Dyslipidemia: A Double-Hit, Perfect Storm.
Gugliucci A. Gugliucci A. J Clin Med. 2023 Aug 31;12(17):5660. doi: 10.3390/jcm12175660. J Clin Med. 2023. PMID: 37685728 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Miscellaneous