Association of Dietary Patterns With Risk of Colorectal Cancer Subtypes Classified by Fusobacterium nucleatum in Tumor Tissue - PubMed (original) (raw)

. 2017 Jul 1;3(7):921-927.

doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.6374.

Reiko Nishihara 2, Yin Cao 3, Mingyang Song 3, Kosuke Mima 4, Zhi Rong Qian 4, Jonathan A Nowak 5, Keisuke Kosumi 4, Tsuyoshi Hamada 4, Yohei Masugi 4, Susan Bullman 4, David A Drew 1, Aleksandar D Kostic 6, Teresa T Fung 7, Wendy S Garrett 8, Curtis Huttenhower 9, Kana Wu 10, Jeffrey A Meyerhardt 4, Xuehong Zhang 11, Walter C Willett 12, Edward L Giovannucci 13, Charles S Fuchs 14, Andrew T Chan 15, Shuji Ogino 16

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Association of Dietary Patterns With Risk of Colorectal Cancer Subtypes Classified by Fusobacterium nucleatum in Tumor Tissue

Raaj S Mehta et al. JAMA Oncol. 2017.

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Abstract

Importance: Fusobacterium nucleatum appears to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis through suppression of the hosts' immune response to tumor. Evidence also suggests that diet influences intestinal F nucleatum. However, the role of F nucleatum in mediating the relationship between diet and the risk of colorectal cancer is unknown.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the associations of prudent diets (rich in whole grains and dietary fiber) and Western diets (rich in red and processed meat, refined grains, and desserts) with colorectal cancer risk may differ according to the presence of F nucleatum in tumor tissue.

Design, setting, and participants: A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Nurses' Health Study (June 1, 1980, to June 1, 2012) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (June 1, 1986, to June 1, 2012) on a total of 121 700 US female nurses and 51 529 US male health professionals aged 30 to 55 years and 40 to 75 years, respectively (both predominantly white individuals), at enrollment. Data analysis was performed from March 15, 2015, to August 10, 2016.

Exposures: Prudent and Western diets.

Main outcomes and measures: Incidence of colorectal carcinoma subclassified by F nucleatum status in tumor tissue, determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Of the 173 229 individuals considered for the study, 137 217 were included in the analysis, 47 449 were male (34.6%), and mean (SD) baseline age for men was 54.0 (9.8) years and for women, 46.3 (7.2) years. A total of 1019 incident colon and rectal cancer cases with available F nucleatum data were documented over 26 to 32 years of follow-up, encompassing 3 643 562 person-years. The association of prudent diet with colorectal cancer significantly differed by tissue F nucleatum status (P = .01 for heterogeneity); prudent diet score was associated with a lower risk of F nucleatum-positive cancers (P = .003 for trend; multivariable hazard ratio of 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25-0.72, for the highest vs the lowest prudent score quartile) but not with F nucleatum-negative cancers (P = .47 for trend, the corresponding multivariable hazard ratio of 0.95; 95% CI, 0.77-1.17). There was no significant heterogeneity between the subgroups in relation to Western dietary pattern scores.

Conclusions and relevance: Prudent diets rich in whole grains and dietary fiber are associated with a lower risk for F nucleatum-positive colorectal cancer but not F nucleatum-negative cancer, supporting a potential role for intestinal microbiota in mediating the association between diet and colorectal neoplasms.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: Dr Chan served as a consultant for Bayer Healthcare, Aralez Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer Inc., and PLx Pharma. This study was not funded by Bayer Healthcare, Aralez Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer Inc., or PLx Pharma. Dr Huttenhower serves as a consultant for Evelo Biosciences. No other conflict of interest exists. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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