Myoviridae. It possesses highly atypical whisker-like structures along the length of its contractile tail. It has a broad host range with the capability of infecting species of the genera Erwinia, Pectobacterium …">

Things Are Getting Hairy: Enterobacteria Bacteriophage vB_PcaM_CBB - PubMed (original) (raw)

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00044. eCollection 2017.

Hanne Hendrix 2, Hugo Oliveira 3, Aidan Casey 4, Horst Neve 5, Olivia McAuliffe 4, R Paul Ross 4, Colin Hill 6, Jean-Paul Noben 7, Jim O'Mahony 1, Rob Lavigne 2, Aidan Coffey 1

Affiliations

Things Are Getting Hairy: Enterobacteria Bacteriophage vB_PcaM_CBB

Colin Buttimer et al. Front Microbiol. 2017.

Abstract

Enterobacteria phage vB_PcaM_CBB is a "jumbo" phage belonging to the family Myoviridae. It possesses highly atypical whisker-like structures along the length of its contractile tail. It has a broad host range with the capability of infecting species of the genera Erwinia, Pectobacterium, and Cronobacter. With a genome of 355,922 bp, excluding a predicted terminal repeat of 22,456 bp, phage CBB is the third largest phage sequenced to date. Its genome was predicted to encode 554 ORFs with 33 tRNAs. Based on prediction and proteome analysis of the virions, 29% of its predicted ORFs could be functionally assigned. Protein comparison shows that CBB shares between 33-38% of its proteins with Cronobacter phage GAP32, coliphages PBECO4 and 121Q as well as Klebsiella phage vB_KleM_Rak2. This work presents a detailed and comparative analysis of vB_PcaM_CBB of a highly atypical jumbo myoviridae phage, contributing to a better understanding of phage diversity and biology.

Keywords: Jumbo bacteriophage; PFGE analysis; bacteriophages; bioinformatics; genome; host range; mass spectrometry; transmission electron microscopy.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Electron micrographs of phage CBB with black arrows indicating baseplate fibers, open arrows indicating hair-like appendages (whiskers) and triangles indicating neck passage structure. (A,B,E) CBB virion base plate tail fibers are indicated. (B–D) Fully intact virions with atypical whisker-like structures on the contractile tail surface. (E) CBB virion contractile tail missing a capsid. (F) CBB virion with contracted tail.

Figure 2

Figure 2

PFGE of phage CBB genomic DNA; lanes 1, 3, and 5 yeast chromosome PFG marker (Bio-Rad Laboratories) and lane 2 and 4 genomic DNA of phage CBB.

Figure 3

Figure 3

Comparison of the genomes of phage CBB (without predicted terminal repeat region) to other potential Rak2-like phages (Cronobacter sakazakii phage vB_CsaM_ GAP32, Escherichia coli phage 121Q, E. coli phage PBECO4, Klebsiella phage vB_KleM_RAK2, Klebsiella phage K64-1) using currently available annotations employing TBLASTX and visualised with Easyfig (Sullivan et al., 2011). A bar chart shows the G+C skew of the CBB genome, genome maps comprise of orange arrows indicating locations of genes among the different phage genomes; and lines between genome maps indicate level of homology (blue/turquoise—genes sharing orientation, red/orange—genes in inverted orientation). To assist in the comparison between genomes the largest gene of each of the phages was positioned as the first gene for each genome.

Figure 4

Figure 4

Maximum likelihood tree created from the alignment of the conserved region of the portal vertex region of 100 homologous sequences from different T4-like phages to that of the portal vertex protein of phage CBB, found using a BLASTP search.

Figure 5

Figure 5

Genome maps of bacteriophage CBB showing locations of RpoD-like promoters (A) and CBB divergent RpoD-like promoters (B) created using SnapGene.

Figure 6

Figure 6

SDS PAGE of the structural proteins of phage vB_PcaM_CBB. Left lane shows migration patterns of New England Biolab's coloured molecular mass board range protein standard with right lanes showing that of structural proteins of phage CBB.

Similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Abbasifar R., Griffiths M. W., Sabour P. M., Ackermann H. W., Vandersteegen K., Lavigne R., et al. . (2014). Supersize me: Cronobacter sakazakii phage GAP32. Virology 460–461, 138–146. 10.1016/j.virol.2014.05.003 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ackermann H. W. (2001). Frequency of morphological phage descriptions in the year 2000. Brief review. Arch. Virol. 146, 843–857. - PubMed
    1. Ackermann H. W., Auclair P., Basavarajappa S., Konjin H. P., Savanurmath C. (1994). Bacteriophages from Bombyx mori. Arch. Virol. 137, 185–190. - PubMed
    1. Bailey T. L., Boden M., Buske F. A., Frith M., Grant C. E., Clementi L., et al. . (2009). MEME SUITE: tools for motif discovery and searching. Nucleic Acids Res. 37, W202–W208. 10.1093/nar/gkp335 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Barry M., van Buuren N., Burles K., Mottet K., Wang Q., Teale A. (2010). Poxvirus exploitation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Viruses 2, 2356–2380. 10.3390/v2102356 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources