Multiple subelements within the polyomavirus enhancer function synergistically to activate DNA replication - PubMed (original) (raw)
Multiple subelements within the polyomavirus enhancer function synergistically to activate DNA replication
W J Muller et al. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Nov.
Abstract
The polyomavirus origin for DNA replication comprises at least two essential, but functionally distinct, cis-acting components. One of these, the origin core, is required only for DNA replication. It includes binding sites for large T antigen and the origin of bidirectional DNA replication. The other component is required for both transcription and DNA replication and is represented by two functionally redundant regions, alpha and beta, which are elements of the polyomavirus enhancer. Whereas either enhancer element will activate DNA replication, both enhancer elements are required to constitute a functional enhancer of transcription. To identify the sequences that make up each enhancer element, we have subjected them separately to in vitro mutagenesis and measured their capacity to activate replication in cis of the origin core in MOP-8 cells, which provide all trans-acting replicative functions including large T antigen. The results reveal that the beta enhancer element is composed of three subelements, two auxiliary subelements, and a core subelement. The core subelement independently activated DNA replication, albeit poorly. The auxiliary subelements, which were inactive on their own, acted synergistically with the core subelement to increase its activity. Interestingly, dimers of the beta core subelement functioned as well as the combination of a beta auxiliary subelement and a core subelement, suggesting that the subelements are functionally equivalent. The alpha enhancer element is organized similarly; it too comprises an auxiliary subelement and a core subelement. These results lead us to suggest that the polyomavirus enhancer comprises two levels of organization; two or more enhancer elements form an enhancer, and two or more subelements make up an enhancer element. The subelements share few sequences and serve as binding sites for distinct cellular factors. It appears, therefore, that a number of different cellular proteins function cooperatively to activate polyomavirus DNA replication by a common mechanism.
Similar articles
- Polyomavirus origin for DNA replication comprises multiple genetic elements.
Muller WJ, Mueller CR, Mes AM, Hassell JA. Muller WJ, et al. J Virol. 1983 Sep;47(3):586-99. doi: 10.1128/JVI.47.3.586-599.1983. J Virol. 1983. PMID: 6312083 Free PMC article. - Sequences flanking the pentanucleotide T-antigen binding sites in the polyomavirus core origin help determine selectivity of DNA replication.
Li L, Li BL, Hock M, Wang E, Folk WR. Li L, et al. J Virol. 1995 Dec;69(12):7570-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.69.12.7570-7578.1995. J Virol. 1995. PMID: 7494263 Free PMC article. - Polyomavirus enhancer contains multiple redundant sequence elements that activate both DNA replication and gene expression.
Veldman GM, Lupton S, Kamen R. Veldman GM, et al. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Apr;5(4):649-58. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.4.649-658.1985. Mol Cell Biol. 1985. PMID: 2985964 Free PMC article. - Functional analysis of the individual enhancer core sequences of polyomavirus: cell-specific uncoupling of DNA replication from transcription.
Campbell BA, Villarreal LP. Campbell BA, et al. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 May;8(5):1993-2004. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.5.1993-2004.1988. Mol Cell Biol. 1988. PMID: 2838739 Free PMC article. - Role of mouse polyomavirus late region in the control of viral DNA replication: a review.
Iacoangeli A, Melucci-Vigo G, Risuleo G, Santi E. Iacoangeli A, et al. Biochimie. 1995;77(10):780-6. doi: 10.1016/0300-9084(96)88196-x. Biochimie. 1995. PMID: 8824775 Review.
Cited by
- RNA processing in the polyoma virus life cycle.
Huang Y, Carmichael GG. Huang Y, et al. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2009 Jun 1;14(13):4968-77. doi: 10.2741/3581. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2009. PMID: 19482599 Free PMC article. Review. - Independent contributions of polyomavirus middle T and small T to the regulation of early and late gene expression and DNA replication.
Chen L, Wang X, Fluck MM. Chen L, et al. J Virol. 2006 Aug;80(15):7295-307. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00679-06. J Virol. 2006. PMID: 16840310 Free PMC article. - Role of middle T-small T in the lytic cycle of polyomavirus: control of the early-to-late transcriptional switch and viral DNA replication.
Chen L, Fluck MM. Chen L, et al. J Virol. 2001 Sep;75(18):8380-9. doi: 10.1128/jvi.75.18.8380-8389.2001. J Virol. 2001. PMID: 11507183 Free PMC article. - Natural biology of polyomavirus middle T antigen.
Gottlieb KA, Villarreal LP. Gottlieb KA, et al. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2001 Jun;65(2):288-318 ; second and third pages, table of contents. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.65.2.288-318.2001. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2001. PMID: 11381103 Free PMC article. Review. - c-Jun stimulates origin-dependent DNA unwinding by polyomavirus large Tantigen.
Ito K, Asano M, Hughes P, Kohzaki H, Masutani C, Hanaoka F, Kerppola T, Curran T, Murakami Y, Ito Y. Ito K, et al. EMBO J. 1996 Oct 15;15(20):5636-46. EMBO J. 1996. PMID: 8896457 Free PMC article.
References
- Virology. 1973 Sep;55(1):127-35 - PubMed
- Nature. 1987 Jan 22-28;325(6102):368-72 - PubMed
- Science. 1980 Sep 19;209(4463):1392-6 - PubMed
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3978-82 - PubMed
- Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Nov 11;9(21):5697-710 - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources