Effect of maltitol-containing chewing gum use on the composition of dental plaque microbiota in subjects with active dental caries - PubMed (original) (raw)
Effect of maltitol-containing chewing gum use on the composition of dental plaque microbiota in subjects with active dental caries
Erica M Prosdocimi et al. J Oral Microbiol. 2017.
Abstract
Background: Sugar alcohols such as xylitol are incorporated in a number of oral hygiene products for their anti-cariogenic properties while chewing gum is known to be beneficial to oral hygiene. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the composition of the dental plaque microbiota in patients with active caries before and after using a chewing gum supplemented with maltitol. Design : Forty subjects with active caries were randomly allocated to chew maltitol gum or gum base for two weeks. A healthy control group used gum base for two weeks. Plaque samples were collected before and after treatment and the microbiota analysed by pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Results : A total of 773,547 sequences were obtained from 117 samples. There was no difference in structure of the bacterial communities between groups (AMOVA). There was a significant difference in community membership between groups, (AMOVA, p=0.009). There was a significant difference between the control group after treatment and the maltitol patient group after treatment (p<0.001). A. naeslundii HOT-176 and Actinomyces HOT-169 were significantly reduced following use of maltitol chewing gum in patients. Conclusions : This study has shown that chewing gum containing maltitol had minor effects on the composition of the plaque microbiome.
Keywords: Caries; chewing gum; maltitol; microbiome; plaque.
Conflict of interest statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Figures
Figure 1.
Distribution of predominant bacterial genera among groups and treatments.
Figure 2.
Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot comparing the bacterial community membership (J-class distances) of plaque samples before and after using chewing gum for 2 weeks.
Figure 3.
Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot comparing the bacterial community structure (θ-YC) of plaque samples before and after using chewing gum for 2 weeks.
Figure 4.
Box plot showing mutans-group streptococci as a proportion of the total microbiota. Upper and lower edges of the boxes are the first and third quartiles; the line inside the box is the second quartile (median); individual dots are outliers.
Figure 5.
Box plot showing Actinomyces as a proportion of the total microbiota. Upper and lower edges of the boxes are the first and third quartiles; the line inside the box is the second quartile (median); individual dots are outliers.
Figure 6.
Box plots showing proportions of summed oligotypes in study treatment groups corresponding to Actinomyces species HOT_169 and HOT_176.
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