Ultrasonographic measurements of localized fat accumulation in Shetland pony mares fed a normal v. a high energy diet for 2 years - PubMed (original) (raw)
. 2018 Aug;12(8):1602-1610.
doi: 10.1017/S1751731117003251. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
Affiliations
- PMID: 29198235
- DOI: 10.1017/S1751731117003251
Free article
Ultrasonographic measurements of localized fat accumulation in Shetland pony mares fed a normal v. a high energy diet for 2 years
E W Siegers et al. Animal. 2018 Aug.
Free article
Abstract
Health risks associated with obesity are more likely a factor of the localization of fat excess, rather than of elevated BW per se. The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to determine the effect of a long-term high energy diet on BW, fat accumulation and localization. Eight Shetland pony mares, 3 to 7 years old, were randomly divided into a control and a high energy (HE) diet group fed either maintenance or double maintenance energy requirements (200% net energy (NE)) for two consecutive summers, with a low energy diet in the winter in between. Body condition score (BCS) did not differ between the groups at the onset of the study (control 5.6±0.75 v. HE 6.3±0.5). From 12 weeks after starting the diet, ultrasonography of five different locations (retroperitoneal, axillary, withers, intercostal and rump) for adipose deposition, BCS and BW were measured monthly during the period that ponies received different diets. Statistical analysis was performed using a linear mixed-effects model with post hoc Bonferroni testing. P values <0.05 were considered significant. At week 12 after the onset of the diet, fat thickness in the HE group was significantly greater than in the control group. During the monitoring period, the HE group showed a significant increase in mean (±SE) BW (+52%, 265±13.94kg) and BCS (+70%; to 9.0±0.4), while the control group was unchanged (BW 160±13.98 kg; BCS 3.8±0.4). At all locations, the fat depth in the HE group increased significantly, with the highest increase noted for retroperitoneal deposits. The conclusions were that a 200% NE diet induced subcutaneous and retroperitoneal fat accumulation, with the greatest increase in intra-abdominal deposits. The moderate increase of the subcutaneous fat depth followed by a plateau phase suggests the existence of a limit of adipose tissue expandability, as in man.
Keywords: adipose tissue; equine metabolic syndrome; horse; intra-abdominal fat; obesity.
Similar articles
- Effect of long-term overfeeding of a high-energy diet on glucose tolerance in Shetland pony mares.
d' Fonseca NMM, Gibson CME, van Doorn DA, de Ruijter-Villani M, Stout TAE, Roelfsema E. d' Fonseca NMM, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 May;34(3):1339-1349. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15788. Epub 2020 May 6. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32374454 Free PMC article. - Ultrasonographic measures of body fatness and their relationship with plasma levels and adipose tissue expression of four adipokines in Welsh pony mares.
Staub C, Venturi E, Cirot M, Léonard L, Barrière P, Blard T, Gaudé Y, Gascogne T, Yvon JM, Lecompte F, Ramé C, Reigner F, Dupont J. Staub C, et al. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2019 Oct;69:75-83. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 Mar 12. Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2019. PMID: 31374538 - Visceral adipose tissue mass in nonlactating dairy cows fed diets differing in energy density(1).
Drackley JK, Wallace RL, Graugnard D, Vasquez J, Richards BF, Loor JJ. Drackley JK, et al. J Dairy Sci. 2014;97(6):3420-30. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8014. Epub 2014 Apr 3. J Dairy Sci. 2014. PMID: 24704224 Clinical Trial. - Influence of maternal plane of nutrition on mares and their foals: determination of mare performance and voluntary dry matter intake during late pregnancy using a dual-marker system.
Winsco KN, Coverdale JA, Wickersham TA, Lucia JL, Hammer CJ. Winsco KN, et al. J Anim Sci. 2013 Sep;91(9):4208-15. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6373. Epub 2013 Jul 3. J Anim Sci. 2013. PMID: 23825323 Clinical Trial. - Effect of increased adiposity on insulin sensitivity and adipokine concentrations in horses and ponies fed a high fat diet, with or without a once daily high glycaemic meal.
Bamford NJ, Potter SJ, Harris PA, Bailey SR. Bamford NJ, et al. Equine Vet J. 2016 May;48(3):368-73. doi: 10.1111/evj.12434. Epub 2015 May 13. Equine Vet J. 2016. PMID: 25726948 Clinical Trial.
Cited by
- Metabolic and Endocrine Insights in Donkeys.
Mendoza FJ, Toribio RE, Perez-Ecija A. Mendoza FJ, et al. Animals (Basel). 2024 Feb 10;14(4):590. doi: 10.3390/ani14040590. Animals (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38396558 Free PMC article. Review. - Rate of obesity within a mixed-breed group of horses in Ireland and their owners' perceptions of body condition and useability of an equine body condition scoring scale.
Golding E, Al Ansari ASA, Sutton GA, Walshe N, Duggan V. Golding E, et al. Ir Vet J. 2023 Apr 6;76(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s13620-023-00237-w. Ir Vet J. 2023. PMID: 37024919 Free PMC article. - Effect of a long-term high-energy diet on cardiovascular parameters in Shetland pony mares.
D' Fonseca NMM, Beukers M, Wijnberg ID, Navas de Solis C, de Ruijter-Villani M, van Doorn DA, Stout TAE, Roelfsema E. D' Fonseca NMM, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2021 Sep;35(5):2427-2436. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16229. Epub 2021 Aug 5. J Vet Intern Med. 2021. PMID: 34350640 Free PMC article. - A Multiomic Approach to Investigate the Effects of a Weight Loss Program on the Intestinal Health of Overweight Horses.
Walshe N, Cabrera-Rubio R, Collins R, Puggioni A, Gath V, Crispie F, Cotter PD, Brennan L, Mulcahy G, Duggan V. Walshe N, et al. Front Vet Sci. 2021 Jun 18;8:668120. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.668120. eCollection 2021. Front Vet Sci. 2021. PMID: 34222398 Free PMC article. - Effect of long-term overfeeding of a high-energy diet on glucose tolerance in Shetland pony mares.
d' Fonseca NMM, Gibson CME, van Doorn DA, de Ruijter-Villani M, Stout TAE, Roelfsema E. d' Fonseca NMM, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 May;34(3):1339-1349. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15788. Epub 2020 May 6. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32374454 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources